Pertumbuhan dan Biomassa Aboveground Acacia auriculiformis dari Tiga Sumber Benih Umur Tiga Tahun di Dusun Namberan, Gunungkidul

Adinda Putri Rahmadwinta, Mochamat Gunawan Wibisono, S.Hut., M.Hum., M.Sc.; Ir. Adriana, M.P.

2026 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Pemilihan sumber benih berperan penting dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman, terutama pada lahan karst Gunungkidul yang memiliki keterbatasan air dan kesuburan tanah. Acacia auriculiformis merupakan jenis cepat tumbuh yang adaptif terhadap kondisi ekstrem, namun performa pertumbuhan dan akumulasi biomassanya dapat bervariasi antar sumber benih. Informasi mengenai perbedaan pertumbuhan dan biomassa aboveground A. auriculiformis dari sumber benih yang berbeda masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi pertumbuhan dan biomassa aboveground A. auriculiformis dari tiga sumber benih umur tiga tahun di Dusun Namberan, Gunungkidul. 

Penelitian dilakukan di Dusun Namberan, Kalurahan Karangasem, Kapanewon Paliyan, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Laboratorium Silvikultur Intensif, Klebengan, Fakultas Kehutanan UGM. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu A. auriculiformis dari sumber benih Papua Nugini, Queensland, dan Vietnam berumur tiga tahun. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling, yaitu pengambilan berdasarkan sumber benihnya. Setiap sumber benih dikoleksi tiga sampel. Sampel biomasa aboveground yang diambil berupa daun, ranting, dan batang. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan biomassa aboveground A. auriculiformis dari sumber benih Queensland relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan sumber benih Papua Nugini dan Vietnam. Hal ini diduga karena sumber benih Queensland lebih mudah beradaptasi di tanah karst seperti di wilayah Gunungkidul.

The selection of seed sources plays a crucial role in enhancing plant growth and productivity, particularly on the karst lands of Gunungkidul, which are characterized by water scarcity and critically low soil fertility. Acacia auriculiformis is a fast-growing species adaptable to extreme conditions; however, growth performance and biomass accumulation can vary among seed sources. Information regarding differences in growth and aboveground biomass of A. auriculiformis from different seed sources remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and aboveground biomass of A. auriculiformis from three seed sources that were three-years-old in Namberan Hamlet, Gunungkidul.

The study was conducted in Namberan Hamlet, Karangasem Village, Paliyan Subdistrict, Gunungkidul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, and the Intensive Silviculture Laboratory, Klebengan, Faculty of Forestry, UGM. The materials used were three-year-old A. auriculiformis from seed sources of Papua New Guinea, Queensland, and Vietnam. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling, which means the samples were collected based on the seed source. Each seed source was collected three samples. The aboveground biomass samples consisted of leaves, twigs, and stems. The data were analyzed using quantitative description.

The results showed that the growth and aboveground biomass of A. auriculiformis from the Queensland seed source were relatively higher compared to those from the Papua New Guinea and Vietnam seed sources. This is likely because the Queensland seed source is more adaptive to karst soils, such as those found in the Gunungkidul region.

Kata Kunci : Acacia auriculiformis, sumber benih, pertumbuhan, biomassa, karst, Gunungkidul