Transformasi Gerakan Warga Pascapenggusuran: Studi Kasus Keberlanjutan Forum Juang Tamansari RW 11 Kota Bandung

Fadhillah Nadiya Imani, Dr. Anak Agung Gde Ngurah Ari Dwipayana, M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU PEMERINTAHAN

    Penelitian ini membahas transformasi gerakan warga pascapenggusuran melalui studi kasus keberlanjutan Forum Juang Tamansari RW 11 Kota Bandung. Konflik Tamansari berawal dari proyek pembangunan Rumah Deret yang diposisikan Pemerintah Kota Bandung sebagai upaya penataan kawasan permukiman kumuh. Namun, bagi sebagian warga, kebijakan tersebut dipandang sebagai ancaman terhadap ruang hidup, jaringan sosial, serta hak untuk dilibatkan dalam proses pembangunan kota. Penggusuran pada 12 Desember 2019 menjadi titik balik penting karena menghancurkan basis ruang fisik gerakan, mengubah kondisi sosial warga, dan mempersempit peluang mobilisasi langsung.
    Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan Eva Eryani Effendi sebagai aktor kunci gerakan, DT selaku tim penasihat hukum, dan AP-1 selaku aparatur pemerintah Kota Bandung, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi literatur dan pemberitaan media. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan perspektif Political Opportunity Structure, transformasi gerakan sosial dalam masyarakat jaringan, dan konsep Right to the City.
    Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggusuran tidak mengakhiri perlawanan warga, melainkan mendorong perubahan bentuk, strategi, dan orientasi gerakan. Forum Juang Tamansari Melawan bertransformasi dari gerakan berbasis mobilisasi massa menjadi gerakan berbasis jaringan. Transformasi tersebut terlihat melalui aktivasi ruang pascapenggusuran, perubahan wadah menjadi Forum Tamansari Bersatu, penggunaan narasi Masih Satu Masih Melawan, serta perluasan solidaritas lintas kampung kota melalui media sosial. Transformasi ini didorong oleh penyempitan peluang politik, fragmentasi sosial-ekonomi warga, dan tekanan struktural.  Keberlanjutan gerakan Tamansari tidak hanya diukur dari keberadaan fisik warga, tetapi juga dari kemampuan gerakan menjaga solidaritas, memori kolektif, dan klaim atas hak untuk diakui serta dilibatkan dalam pembangunan kota.

    This study examines the transformation of a community-based social movement following forced eviction through a case study of the sustainability of the Forum Juang Tamansari in RW 11, Bandung City. The Tamansari conflict originated from the Rumah Deret (row housing) development project, which was presented by the Bandung City Government as an initiative to upgrade and reorganize an urban informal settlement. However, for many residents, the project was perceived as a threat to their living space, social networks, and their right to participate in the urban development process. The forced eviction carried out on 12 December 2019 marked a critical turning point, as it dismantled the movement's physical base, altered the social conditions of the affected community, and significantly constrained opportunities for direct collective mobilization.
    This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with Eva Eryani Effendi as the key movement actor, DT as the movement's legal advisor, and AP-1 as a representative of the Bandung City Government. Secondary data were obtained through a review of academic literature and media reports. The data were analyzed using the perspectives of the Political Opportunity Structure framework, theories of social movement transformation in the network society, and the concept of the Right to the City.
    The findings indicate that the forced eviction did not bring the residents' resistance to an end; rather, it stimulated a transformation in the movement's form, strategies, and orientation. Forum Juang Tamansari Melawan evolved from a mass mobilization-based movement into a network-based movement. This transformation is reflected in the activation of post-eviction spaces, the reorganization of the movement under the banner of Forum Tamansari Bersatu, the adoption of the slogan Masih Satu, Masih Melawan (Still United, Still Resisting), and the expansion of solidarity across urban communities through social media platforms. This transformation was driven by the narrowing of political opportunities, the socio-economic fragmentation experienced by residents, and broader structural pressures. The sustainability of the Tamansari movement is therefore measured not merely by the physical presence of the displaced residents, but by the movement's capacity to sustain solidarity, preserve collective memory, and maintain its claim to recognition and meaningful participation in urban development.

Kata Kunci : Transformasi Gerakan Sosial, Penggusuran, Pembangunan Kota, Forum Juang Tamansari