Kadar Flavonoid Total Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Kulit Kayu Akasia (Acacia Mangium Willd.) Generasi Ketiga Di KHDTK Alas Kethu, Wonogiri

Nur Rizkia Meilani, Masendra, S.Hut., M.Agr., Ph.D.

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 PENGELOLAAN HUTAN

Kulit kayu A. mangium merupakan hasil samping industri kehutanan yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif bernilai tinggi. Informasi mengenai variasi genetik kandungan flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan pada kulit kayu A. mangium generasi ketiga di Indonesia masih terbatas, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dan mengestimasi komponen ragam genetik, heritabilitas, korelasi antar sifat, dan mengintegrasikan karakter pertumbuhan serta kimia sebagai dasar seleksi famili. Penelitian dilakukan pada 20 famili half-sib hasil penyerbukan terbuka berumur 10 tahun di KHDTK Alas Kethu, Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah. Kulit kayu diekstraksi menggunakan etanol, aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis dengan metode DPPH, sedangkan kandungan flavonoid total ditentukan menggunakan metode kolorimetri aluminium klorida (AlCl?). Data dianalisis menggunakan model linear campuran (linear mixed-effects model), dilanjutkan dengan analisis korelasi, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), dan analisis klaster. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan berkisar 78,7–91,2?n kandungan flavonoid total 2,2–8,3 µg/mg kulit kayu kering tanur. Aktivitas antioksidan memiliki heritabilitas tinggi (h² = 0,832), sedangkan kadar flavonoid total memiliki heritabilitas sedang (h² = 0,433). Hasil PCA dan analisis klaster mengelompokkan 20 famili menjadi tiga. Famili 19, 25, 27, 33, 35 dan 38 (Grup III) berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai penghasil senyawa bioaktif bernilai tambah pada generasi berikutnya.

A. mangium bark is a forestry byproduct that has the potential to be utilized as a source of high-value bioactive compounds. Information on genetic variation of total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in bark is still limited, so this study aims to estimate the components of genetic variation, heritability, correlation between traits, and integrate growth and chemical traits as a basis for family selection. The study was conducted on 20 half-sib families from open pollination aged 10 years in KHDTK Alas Kethu, Wonogiri, Central Java. The bark was extracted using ethanol, antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method, while total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride (AlCl?) colorimetric method. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed-effect model, followed by correlation analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis. The antioxidant activity values ??ranged from 78.7–91.2% and the total flavonoid content was 2.2–8.3 µg/mg of dried bark. Antioxidant activity had high heritability (h² = 0.832), while total flavonoids had moderate heritability (h² = 0.433). PCA and cluster analysis results grouped the 20 family into three groups. Families 19, 25, 27, 33, 35 and 38 (Group III) have the potential to be developed for producing value-added bioactive compounds in the next generation.

Kata Kunci : Acacia mangium, antioksidan, flavonoid, generasi ketiga, pemuliaan pohon