Keuntungan Usaha Tani Tanaman MPTS di Kelompok Tani Hutan Kemasyarakatan Sukobubuk Rejo Kabupaten Pati Jawa Tengah

Mayla Fashania, Agus Affianto, S. Hut., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Perhutanan Sosial melalui skema Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) memberikan akses kepada masyarakat untuk mengelola kawasan hutan secara lestari sekaligus meningkatkan manfaat ekonomi. Salah satu bentuk pengelolaan lahan yang diterapkan adalah sistem agroforestri berbasis Multi Purpose Tree Species (MPTS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola tanam tanaman MPTS yang diterapkan oleh anggota KTH Sukobubuk Rejo serta menganalisis keuntungan dan kelayakan finansial berdasarkan pola tanam tersebut. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KTH Sukobubuk Rejo, Desa Sukobubuk, Kecamatan Margorejo, Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi lapangan, dan studi literatur. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi pola tanam serta analisis finansial melalui penyusunan cashflow selama periode analisis 20 tahun. Kelayakan finansial dianalisis menggunakan indikator keuntungan, Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dengan tingkat diskonto sebesar 3,22%. Komoditas MPTS yang dianalisis meliputi mangga, alpukat, petai, dan nangka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola tanam agroforestri MPTS yang diterapkan terdiri atas pola random mixture sebesar 83,7?n trees along border sebesar 16,3%. Pola random mixture memiliki rata-rata kepadatan tanaman sebesar 144 batang/ha, sedangkan pola trees along border sebesar 51 batang/ha. Pola random mixture memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp1.003.446.771 selama satu daur pengelolaan dengan nilai NPV sebesar Rp653.386.055, BCR sebesar 5,39, dan IRR sebesar 54,24%. Sementara itu, pola trees along border memberikan keuntungan sebesar Rp346.893.621 dengan nilai NPV sebesar Rp224.858.220, BCR sebesar 4,78, dan IRR sebesar 46,80%. Kedua pola tanam menunjukkan kelayakan finansial, dengan pola random mixture memiliki performa finansial lebih tinggi karena memiliki kepadatan tanaman dan potensi penerimaan yang lebih besar.

Social Forestry through the Community Forest (HKm) scheme provides opportunities for communities to sustainably manage forest areas while improving economic benefits. One form of land management implemented by communities is MPTS-based agroforestry. This study aimed to identify MPTS planting patterns applied by members of KTH Sukobubuk Rejo and analyze profitability and financial feasibility based on those planting patterns. The research was conducted in KTH Sukobubuk Rejo, Sukobubuk Village, Margorejo District, Pati Regency, Central Java. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and literature studies. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical analysis to identify planting patterns and financial analysis through cash flow development for a 20-year analysis period. Financial feasibility was evaluated using profitability, Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) with a discount rate of 3.22%. The analyzed MPTS commodities consisted of mango, avocado, stink bean, and jackfruit. The results showed that MPTS agroforestry planting patterns consisted of random mixture (83.7%) and trees along border (16.3%). The random mixture pattern had an average plant density of 144 trees/ha, while the trees along border pattern had 51 trees/ha. The random mixture pattern generated a profit of IDR 1,003,446,771 during one management cycle, with an NPV of IDR 653,386,055, BCR of 5.39, and IRR of 54.24%. Meanwhile, the trees along border pattern generated a profit of IDR 346,893,621, with an NPV of IDR 224,858,220, BCR of 4.78, and IRR of 46.80%. Both planting patterns were financially feasible, with the random mixture pattern showing higher financial performance due to higher plant density and greater revenue potential.

Kata Kunci : agroforestri, MPTS, hutan kemasyarakatan, keuntungan finansial, random mixture, trees along border; agroforestry, MPTS, community forest, financial profit, random mixture, trees along border