Kebudayaan Tolaki dalam birokrasi di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan

ANDRIANY, Faridah, Dr. Irwan Abdullah

2005 | Tesis | Magister Administrasi Publik

Birokrasi di Indonesia memiliki kemampuan mengadaptasi kebudayaan lokal atau daerah di mana birokrasi itu berada. Demikian halnya birokrasi Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Selatan yang pada gilirannya beradaptasi dengan kebudayaan Tolaki. Praktek budaya Tolaki yang disimbolkan dengan Kalosara menjadi sumber utama penciptaan pola-pola hubungan kekuasaan yang dimaksudkan. Karena itu birokrasi Setda Konawe Selatan dipenagruhi oleh kultur Tolaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan : pertama, mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan kebudayaan Tolaki dalam birokrasi Setda Konawe Selatan. Kedua, mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan sistem kebudayaan Tolaki yang dipraktekkan dalam birokrasi. Ketiga, menguraikan dampak yang diakibatkan oleh adanya budaya Tolaki dalam birokrasi Setda Konawe Selatan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), dan observasi langsung atau partisipatif. Selain itttu, pengumpulan data dilakukan terhadap sejumlah ddokumen seperti media massa, surat-surat keputusan, buku-buku, yang terkait dengan topik penelitian. Data yang didapatkan dianalisa melalui tahap reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Sistem budaya Tolaki yang dipraktekkan dalam birokrasi sekretariat daerah Konawe Selatan bersumber dari pengetahuan budaya Tolaki, rekrutmen, pengambilan keputusan dan kepemimpinan yang ada dalam budaya Tolaki. Sistem budaya tersebut membawa dampak dalam penyelenggaraan birokrasi itu sendiri, khususnya terhadap polapola yang berkembang dalam birokrasi seperti birokratisasi, menguatnya hubungan paternalistik dan tidak akuntabelnya birokrasi sekretariat daerah Konawe Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan budaya Tolaki mempengaruhi birokrasi sekretariat daerah Konawe Selatan. Adaptasi budaya Tolaki seperti medudulu mepokoaso, mombekamei meiri’ako, meohai, mombekapona-ponaako tampak pada perilaku birokrasi, kepemimpinan, pengambilan keputusan dan institusi birokrasi itu sendiri. Aspek-aspek ini berdampak kepada menguatnya hubungan paternalistik, mengedepannya birokratisasi, dan munculnya pegawai yang tidak akuntabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data, diharapkan: 1) Sistem budaya Tolaki yang dinilai positif dan sesuai dengan mekanisme penyelenggaraan birokrasi di sekretariat daerah Konawe Selatan seperti, Medudulu mepokoaso dan mombekapona-ponaako semestinya bisa menjadi acuan dalam melaksanakan pelayanan kepada pengguna jasa di instansi ini. 2). Diharapkan adaptasi kebudayaan Tolaki dalam birokrasi sekretariat daerah Kabupaten Konawe Selatan bisa menjadi jalan bagi terciptanya penyelenggaraan birokrasi yang transparan, adil, jujur dan terbuka. Kolaborasi budaya Tolaki dan birokrasi diharapkan bisa meminimalisir pola hubungan paternalistik.

Bureaucracy in Indonesia has a ability in adopting the local culture or whereas it is existed. It is also happened within the territory Secretariat of Konawe Selatan Regency. This bureaucracy extremely adopted the Tolaki culture that is initially symbolized by Kalosara. It is an unsure that has been united the whole life views of Tolakinese people, and it was also influenced the life behaviour of Tolakinese. In case of the relation between power and people, the Kalosara becomes the main sources in establishing the types of power relationship itself. Therefore, the present shows that the Tolakinese culture influenced the bureaucracy of Konawe Selatan. The purpose of research is aimed: first, know and describe the Tolakinese sculpture that is existed in the territory secretariat of Konawe Selatan Regency. Second, identify and explain certain aspect of Tolakinese culture that is explicated and influenced the bureaucracy itself. Third, analyze the impact of the application of Tolakinese culture into in the territory secretariat of Konawe Selatan Regency. The research is using qualitative method. Technical of collecting data is used by applying in-depth interview and participative observation. It is also applied to thee such by documents like as the newspapers, decree, books, and etc., that has rapidly relation to the theme of research. The data, then, analyzed by faces of data redacted, data display and data verification. System of Tolakinese culture that is practiced in bureaucracy of the territory secretariat of Konawe South regency based in cultural knowledge of Tolakinese culture recruitment, decision making and leaderships of Tolakinese culture. The system itself impacted into the implementation of bureaucracy, specially into the establishing of kind of bureaucracy, such as bureaucratization, paternalistic pattern, and unaccountable of the bureaucracy. The result of research shows that the Tolakinese culture influenced the territory secretariat bureaucracy of Konawe South. The adaptation of Tolakinese culture such as medudulu mepokoaso, mombekamei meiri'ako, meohai, mombekapona-ponaako is seem to bee available into the officials behaviour, leadership, decision making and institution itself. System were impacted into the types of paternalistic relation, birocratization, and appeared of official that were uncountable in the work and the jobs. The result of research and the data analyzed, I suggest the following are : 1) system of Tolakinese culture that were available and compatible within the applying bureaucratic mechanism into the territory secretariat of Konawe South regency such as, Medudulu Mepokoaso and the of mombekapona-ponaako however, could be a such main guidance in serving the costumers in this area. 2). I suggest that the adaptation Tolakinese culture into the bureaucracy of the territory secretariat of South Konawe regency becomes a such way for developing the transparency fairness, honest, and openness of the bureaucracy. The collaboration between both Tolakinese culture and the bureaucracy suggested can minimalizes the pattern of paternalistic relationship.

Kata Kunci : Birokrasi,Budaya Lokal,Tolaki,adaptation, bureaucracy, Tolakinese culture, local cultural