Karakteristik Agroforestri Tegalan Dan Keragaman Manfaatnya Di Dusun Sendangsari, Kalurahan Terong, Kapanewon Dlingo, Kabupaten Bantul.

Zayid Al Hawari, Prof. Priyono Suryanto, S.Hut., M.P., Ph.D.; Ir. Aqmal Nur Jihad, S.Hut., M.Sc.

2026 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Lahan tegalan merupakan sumber penghidupan penting bagi masyarakat Dusun Sendangsari, namun pengelolaannya masih dilakukan secara tradisional sehingga struktur tegakan, komposisi jenis, dan pola tanam berkembang tanpa perencanaan yang terarah. Kondisi tersebut berpotensi memengaruhi keragaman manfaat agroforestri yang dihasilkan, sehingga perlu dikaji berdasarkan karakteristik sistem agroforestri pada berbagai tingkat perkembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik sistem agroforestri tegalan serta menganalisis keragaman manfaat ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial yang dihasilkan pada setiap tingkat perkembangan tersebut.
Penelitian dilaksanakan di Dusun Sendangsari, Kalurahan Terong, Kapanewon Dlingo, Kabupaten Bantul pada Februari–April 2026. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 15 unit lahan yang terbagi atas tiga tingkat perkembangan agroforestri, yaitu awal, menengah, dan lanjut, masing-masing lima ulangan. Data struktur tegakan, komposisi jenis, dan pola tanam diperoleh melalui sensus dalam plot, sedangkan data manfaat dikumpulkan melalui wawancara berskala Likert kepada 15 pemilik lahan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Indeks Nilai Penting, indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, dan matriks kemanfaatan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketiga tingkat agroforestri memiliki struktur tiga lapisan tajuk dengan keanekaragaman jenis tertinggi pada agroforestri awal (H'=2,438) dan terendah pada agroforestri lanjut (H'=1,710). Pola tanam bervariasi antara random mixture, alternate rows, dan trees along border, dengan jenis dominan seperti sonokeling, mahoni, dan sengon pada berbagai tingkat pertumbuhan. Manfaat ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial ketiga tingkat agroforestri berada dalam kategori baik, dengan agroforestri menengah memperoleh tingkat kemanfaatan tertinggi (skor 4,00) dibandingkan agroforestri awal (3,80) dan lanjut (3,76). Temuan ini mengindikasikan pentingnya pengelolaan tajuk secara berkala guna mempertahankan keseimbangan manfaat agroforestri tegalan secara berkelanjutan.

Dryland fields  serves as an important source of livelihood for the communities of Sendangsari Hamlet. However, its management is still largely based on traditional practices, resulting in stand structure, species composition, and planting patterns that develop without systematic planning. This condition may influence the diversity of ecological, economic, and social benefits generated by the agroforestry system and therefore warrants investigation across different stages of agroforestry development. This study aims to identify the characteristics of dryland agroforestry systems and to analyze the diversity of ecological, economic, and social benefits generated at each stage of agroforestry development.
The research was conducted in Sendangsari Hamlet, Terong Village, Dlingo Subdistrict, Bantul Regency from February to April 2026. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling method on 15 land units divided into three developmental stages of agroforestry, namely early, intermediate, and advanced, with five replications each. Data on stand structure, species composition, and planting patterns were obtained through plot census, while benefit data were collected through Likert-scale interviews with 15 landowners and subsequently analyzed using the Importance Value Index, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and a benefit matrix.
The results showed that all three agroforestry stages exhibited a three-layered canopy structure, with the highest species diversity found in the early stage (H'=2.438) and the lowest in the advanced stage (H'=1.710). Planting patterns varied among random mixture, alternate rows, and trees-along-border, with dominant species such as Dalbergia latifolia, Swietenia mahagoni, and Falcataria moluccana observed across different growth stages. The ecological, economic, and social benefits of all three agroforestry stages fell into the good category, with the intermediate stage exhibiting the highest level of benefit (score 4.00) compared to the early (3.80) and advanced (3.76) stages. These findings indicate the importance of periodic canopy management to sustain a balanced range of benefits in dry-field agroforestry systems.

Kata Kunci : Agroforestri Tegalan, Indeks Keanekaragaman, Indeks Nilai Penting, Pola Tanam, Struktur Tegakan