KAJIAN MORFOLOGI LARVA Haemaphysalis bispinosa dan Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Salsabila Sri Wijayanti, Dr. drh. Ana Sahara, M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Caplak famili Ixodidae merupakan ektoparasit penting pada hewan domestik. Identifikasi caplak pada stadium larva masih menjadi tantangan karena ukurannya kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakter morfologi larva Ixodidae, mengukur parameter morfometri, menganalisis pola chaetotaxy, serta membandingkan ciri morfologi larva caplak dari sapi dan anjing. Sampel larva diperoleh dari telur caplak betina dewasa yang berasal dari sapi dan anjing, kemudian diproses melalui tahap pencucian, clearing, pewarnaan, mounting, dan pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larva R. (B.) microplus memiliki tubuh cenderung membulat, basis capitulum berbentuk heksagonal, palpus relatif sempit, tidak memiliki festoon, dan rumus setae tarsus I dorsal 1:1:2:2:2:2. Larva H. bispinosa memiliki tubuh lebih oval, basis capitulum cenderung rectangular, palpus segmen kedua melebar ke lateral, memiliki 11 festoon, dan rumus setae tarsus I dorsal 2:2:3:1:2. Hasil morfometri menunjukkan bahwa H. bispinosa memiliki ukuran tubuh rata-rata lebih besar, yaitu panjang 676 µm dan lebar 474,4 µm, dibandingkan R. (B.) microplus dengan panjang 546,8 µm dan lebar 386,2 µm. 

Ticks of the Ixodidae family are important ectoparasites of domestic animals. Identification of ticks in stadium larvae remains a challenge due to their small size. This study aims to identify the morphological characteristics of Ixodidae larvae, measure morphometric parameters, analyze chaetotaxy patterns, and compare the morphological characteristics of tick larvae from cattle and dogs. Larval samples were obtained from eggs of adult female ticks from cattle and dogs, then processed through the stages of washing, cleaning, staining, mounting, and measuring using a light microscope. The results showed that R. (B.) microplus larvae have a body that tends to be rounded, a hexagonal capitulum base, relatively narrow palps, no ornamentation, and a dorsal tarsus setae formula of 1:1:2:2:2:2. H. bispinosa larvae have a more oval body, a rectangular capitulum base, a laterally widened second palpal segment, 11 ornaments, and a dorsal tarsus setae formula of 2:2:3:1:2. Morphometric results show that H. bispinosa has a larger average body size, namely 676 µm in length and 474.4 µm in width, compared to R. (B.) microplus with a length of 546.8 µm and a width of 386.2 µm.

Kata Kunci : chaetotaxy, Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Ixodidae, morfometri, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus