Pengaruh Model Pengendalian Gulma Terhadap Morfo-Fisiologis Padi Dalam Sistem Agroforestri Dengan Kayu Putih

Faiq Dzakwan Al-Hafizh, Taufan Alam, S.P., M.Sc.; Dody Kastono S.P., M.P.

2026 | Skripsi | AGRONOMI

Padi dalam sistem agroforestri kayu putih menghadapi kendala berupa kompetisi gulma yang dapat menurunkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh model pengendalian gulma terhadap karakter morfo-fisiologis dan hasil padi dalam sistem agroforestri kayu putih. Penelitian dilaksanakan di RPH Menggoran, BDH Playen, KPH Yogyakarta pada Oktober 2025–Februari 2026 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) faktor tunggal dengan 14 perlakuan periode pengendalian gulma dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu pengendalian gulma berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan N dan K jaringan, serapan NPK, bobot kering fase panen, komponen hasil, dan produktivitas padi. Perlakuan bebas gulma selama pertumbuhan (BG-0 hari setelah tanam) memberikan produktivitas aktual tertinggi sebesar 4,13 ton/ha, diikuti BG-14 hst sebesar 3,92 ton/ha dan BG-28 hst sebesar 3,55 ton/ha, sedangkan perlakuan bergulma terus-menerus (G-0 hst) menghasilkan produktivitas terendah sebesar 1,68 ton/ha. Pengendalian gulma yang tepat mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi melalui penurunan kompetisi gulma dalam sistem agroforestri kayu putih.

Rice cultivation in kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi)-based agroforestry systems faces challenges from weed competition, which can reduce plant growth and productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different weed management models on the morphophysiological characteristics, growth, and yield of rice cultivated in a kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi)-based agroforestry system. The research was conducted at RPH Menggoran, BDH Playen, KPH Yogyakarta, from October 2025 to February 2026 using a single-factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 14 weed management period treatments with three replications. The results showed that the timing of weed management significantly affected tissue N and K concentrations, NPK uptake, dry biomass at harvest, yield components, and rice productivity. The weed-free treatment throughout the growing season (BG-0 days after planting, dap) produced the highest actual grain yield of 4.13 tons/ha, followed by BG-14 dap (3.92 tons/ha) and BG-28 dap (3.55 tons/ha), whereas the continuously weedy treatment (G-0 dap) resulted in the lowest yield of 1.68 tons/ha. These findings indicate that appropriate weed management effectively reduces weed competition and enhances rice growth and productivity in kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi)-based agroforestry systems.

Kata Kunci : Agroforestri, Padi, Produktivitas, Gulma