Sintesis Fe3O4/KCC-1/Karbon Dot Berbasis Daun Bambu sebagai Fotokatalis untuk Degradasi Metil Oranye

Armaeta Syariah, Prof. Indriana Kartini, S.Si., M.Si., Ph.D.; Khurnia Krisna Puji Pamungkas, S.Si., M.Eng., Ph.D.

2026 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Penelitian mengenai sintesis dan karakterisasi material komposit Fe3O4/KCC-1/Karbon dot berbasis daun bambu serta aplikasinya sebagai fotokatalis untuk degradasi metil oranye telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengarakterisasi karbon dot berbasis biomassa daun bambu apus (Gigantochloa apus), mensintesis komposit Fe3O4/KCC-1/Karbon dot, serta menguji aktivitas fotokatalitik komposit tersebut terhadap degradasi metil oranye di bawah penyinaran cahaya tampak.

Nanopartikel Fe3O4 disintesis melalui metode kopresipitasi, KCC-1 melalui metode solvotermal dengan sistem misel balik (reverse micelle), sedangkan karbon dot disintesis menggunakan metode hidrotermal. Komposit Fe3O4/KCC-1/Karbon dot diperoleh melalui proses impregnasi dan inkorporasi, kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, XRD, TEM, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, SAED, EDX, Mapping, dan DR-UV. Aktivitas fotokatalitik komposit diuji melalui degradasi metil oranye pada beberapa kondisi aplikasi.

Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh material berhasil disintesis dan struktur khas masing-masing komponen tetap terjaga setelah pembentukan komposit. Karbon dot yang diperoleh memiliki morfologi hampir sferis dengan ukuran partikel rata-rata 7,35 nm. Hasil analisis DR-UV menunjukkan bahwa energi celah pita (band gap) komposit Fe3O4/KCC-1/Karbon dot adalah sebesar 2,01 eV sehingga dapat bekerja dalam cahaya tampak. Pengujian fotokatalitik menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum degradasi metil oranye dicapai pada waktu iradiasi 150 menit dan massa fotokatalis 30 mg dengan efisiensi degradasi sebesar 40,55%. Selain itu, komposit dapat dipisahkan kembali menggunakan magnet eksternal dan masih mempunyai aktivitas fotokatalitik dengan efisiensi degradasi sebesar 20,68% pada siklus penggunaan ke-2 dan 17,19% pada siklus penggunaan ke-3.

Research on the synthesis and characterization of a Fe3O4/KCC-1/Carbon dots composite derived from bamboo leaves and its application as a photocatalyst for methyl orange degradation has been successfully conducted. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) leaf-based carbon dots, synthesize a Fe3O4/KCC-1/Carbon dots composite, and evaluate its photocatalytic activity toward methyl orange degradation under visible-light irradiation.

Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, while KCC-1 was prepared through a solvothermal method employing a reverse micelle system. Carbon dots were synthesized from bamboo leaf biomass via a hydrothermal method. The Fe3O4/KCC-1/Carbon dots composite was obtained through impregnation and incorporation processes and subsequently characterized using FTIR, XRD, TEM, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, SAED, EDX, Mapping, and DR-UV techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the composite was evaluated through methyl orange degradation under various operating conditions.

The characterization results confirmed the successful synthesis of all constituent materials and showed that the characteristic structures of each component were retained after composite formation. The synthesized carbon dots exhibited a nearly spherical morphology with an average particle size of 7.35 nm. The DR-UV analysis showed a band gap energy for Fe3O4/KCC-1/Carbon dots composite was 2.01 eV, which enables its activity under visible light. Photocatalytic testing demonstrated that the optimum degradation of methyl orange was achieved at an irradiation time of 150 min and a photocatalyst dosage of 30 mg, resulting in a degradation efficiency of 40.55%. In addition, the composite was successfully recovered using an external magnetic field and remained photocatalytically active, achieving degradation efficiencies of 20.68% and 17.19% in the second and third reuse cycles, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Fe3O4, fotodegradasi, karbon dot, KCC-1, metil oranye