Pengembangan Biodegradable POt Dari Limbah Kayu Sengon (Albizia falcataria) Dengan Perekat Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Bagus Surya Wicaksono, Dr. Wagiman, S.T.P, M.Si ; Dr. Jumeri, S.T.P. M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI PERTANIAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan biodegradable pot berbahan limbah kayu sengon (Albizia falcataria) sebagai alternatif pengganti polybag plastik serta menentukan formulasi optimum menggunakan metode Taguchi dan Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). Bahan yang digunakan meliputi limbah kayu sengon, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) sebagai perekat, asam sitrat sebagai crosslinker, gliserol sebagai plasticizer, magnesium stearat sebagai release agent, dan aquades. Pembuatan biodegradable pot dilakukan menggunakan metode compression molding. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan metode Taguchi Orthogonal Array L9 dengan empat faktor, yaitu CMC, asam sitrat, limbah kayu, dan suhu pencetakan. Karakteristik yang diuji meliputi densitas, kuat tarik, daya serap air, dan biodegradabilitas. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), ANOVA, uji Kruskal–Wallis, serta optimasi multi-respon menggunakan GRA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biodegradable pot memiliki densitas sebesar 0,567–0,751 g/cm³, kuat tarik 0,063–0,287 N/mm², daya serap air 20,32–55,69%, dan biodegradabilitas 15,55–43,69%. Berdasarkan GRA, Sampel G menjadi kombinasi eksperimen terbaik dengan nilai Grey Relational Grade (GRG) sebesar 0,6837. Kombinasi optimum prediksi diperoleh pada CMC 15 g, asam sitrat 1 g, limbah kayu 37 g, dan suhu pencetakan 150 °C dengan GRG prediksi sebesar 0,7799. 

This study aimed to develop a biodegradable pot made from sengon wood waste (Albizia falcataria) as an alternative to plastic polybags and to determine the optimum formulation using the Taguchi method and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The materials used in this study consisted of sengon wood waste, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a binder, citric acid as a crosslinker, glycerol as a plasticizer, magnesium stearate as a release agent, and distilled water. The biodegradable pot was produced using the compression molding method. The experimental design was arranged using the Taguchi Orthogonal Array L9 with four factors, namely CMC, citric acid, wood waste, and molding temperature. The observed characteristics included density, tensile strength, water absorption, and biodegradability. Data were analyzed using the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis test, and multi-response optimization using GRA. The results showed that the biodegradable pot had a density of 0.567–0.751 g/cm³, tensile strength of 0.063–0.287 N/mm², water absorption of 20.32–55.69%, and biodegradability of 15.55–43.69%. Based on GRA, Sample G was identified as the best experimental combination with a Grey Relational Grade (GRG) of 0.6837. The predicted optimum combination was obtained at 15 g CMC, 1 g citric acid, 37 g wood waste, and a molding temperature of 150 °C, with a predicted GRG of 0.7799.

Kata Kunci : biodegradable pot, limbah kayu sengon, CMC, Taguchi, Grey Relational Analysis