Analisis Hubungan Variasi Level of Development (LOD) Dengan Pemodelan Building Information Modelling (BIM) Autodesk Revit Terhadap Akurasi Volume Material Beton dan Besi Tulangan Pada Gedung Lanjutan S1 FMIPA UGM

Nur Syifa Salsabila, Ir. Teguh Sudibyo, S.T.,M.T.,Ph.D.,IPU.

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 TEKNIK PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN INFRASTRUKTUR SIPIL

Penerapan Building Information Modeling (BIM) dalam industri konstruksi di Indonesia terus berkembang, namun masih terkendala minimnya pemahaman mengenai pengaruh variasi Level of Development (LOD) terhadap keakuratan estimasi volume material, sehingga banyak proyek masih mengandalkan metode konvensional yang rentan terhadap kesalahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi LOD terhadap akurasi estimasi volume material beton dan besi tulangan, serta estimasi biaya pada pemodelan BIM menggunakan Autodesk Revit, dengan objek studi Gedung Lanjutan S1 FMIPA Universitas Gadjah Mada yang dibangun pada tahun 2020 sebelum penerapan metode BIM.

Penelitian dilakukan pada empat tingkatan LOD, yaitu LOD 100 estimasi konseptual berdasarkan Kepmen PUPR No. 943/KPTS/M/2024, LOD 200 estimasi berdasarkan hitungan konvensional, LOD 300–350, dan LOD 400–500 menggunakan perangkat lunak Autodesk Revit . LOD 400–500 ditetapkan sebagai acuan volume dan biaya karena merepresentasikan kondisi aktual bangunan (As build) yang menjadi dasar pembayaran pekerjaan. Volume material beton (m³) dan besi tulangan (kg) diekstraksi dari setiap tingkatan LOD, kemudian dibandingkan analisis deviasi dengan bantuan Microsoft Excel.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkatan LOD, semakin detail informasi geometri yang termodelkan sehingga estimasi volume dan biaya semakin mendekati kondisi aktual (LOD 400-500). LOD 300–350 memiliki hasil paling optimal dengan rata-rata deviasi absolut 1,24%, meliputi deviasi volume beton ?0,76%, volume besi ?1,15%, dan estimasi biaya -1,12%. Sebaliknya, LOD 100 dan LOD 200 menghasilkan deviasi terbesar, dengan selisih biaya +13,47% pada LOD 100 serta deviasi volume besi +2,49% pada LOD 200. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan minimal LOD 300–350 dalam pemodelan BIM sebagai acuan estimasi material yang akurat dan efisien pada tahap perencanaan.

The implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Indonesia's construction industry continues to grow, yet remains constrained by limited understanding of how variations in Level of Development (LOD) affect the accuracy of material volume estimation, leading many projects to still rely on conventional methods that are prone to error. This study aims to analyze the effect of LOD variations on the estimation accuracy of concrete and steel reinforcement material volumes, as well as cost estimation, in BIM modeling using Autodesk Revit, with the case study of the S1 FMIPA Universitas Gadjah Mada Continuation Building, constructed in 2020 prior to the adoption of BIM.

The research was conducted across four LOD levels: LOD 100 as a conceptual estimate based on Ministerial Decree No. 943/KPTS/M/2024, LOD 200 based on conventional calculation, LOD 300–350, and LOD 400–500, all modeled using Autodesk Revit. LOD 400–500 was established as the reference for volume and cost, as it represents the actual built condition (as-built) that serves as the basis for work payment. Concrete volume (m³) and steel reinforcement weight (kg) were extracted from each LOD level and compared through deviation analysis using Microsoft Excel.

The results indicate that higher LOD levels yield more detailed geometric information, resulting in volume and cost estimates that more closely approximate actual conditions (lod 400-500). LOD 300–350 demonstrated the most optimal performance, with a mean absolute deviation of 1.24%, comprising a concrete volume deviation of ?0.76%, steel reinforcement deviation of ?1.84%, and cost estimation deviation of -1.12%. Conversely, LOD 100 and LOD 200 produced the largest deviations, with a cost discrepancy of +13.47% at LOD 100 and a steel reinforcement volume deviation of +2.49% at LOD 200. This study recommends a minimum of LOD 300–350 in BIM modeling as an accurate and efficient material estimation reference during the planning stage.

Kata Kunci : Building Information Modeling, Level of Development, volume beton, besi tulangan, Autodesk Revit , estimasi material