PENGARUH JENIS KELAMIN DAN UMUR POTONG TERHADAP PRODUKSI KARKAS DAN NON KARKAS AYAM PERSILANGAN MARDI DAN KUNTARA

Tyas Amalia Dian Pertiwi, Ir. Rusman, M.P., Ph.D., IPM.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis kelamin dan umur potong terhadap produksi karkas dan non karkas ayam persilangan Mardi dan Kuntara. Penelitian menggunakan 20 ekor ayam yang terdiri atas 5 ekor ayam jantan dan 5 ekor ayam betina pada setiap perlakuan. Ayam dipotong pada umur ±8 minggu dan ±10 minggu menggunakan metode penyembelihan halal yang dilanjutkan dengan pemisahan bagian karkas dan non karkas (parting). Variabel yang diamati meliputi bobot potong, bobot karkas, bobot non karkas, persentase karkas (dada, paha atas, paha bawah, sayap, dan punggung) dan persentase non karkas (darah, bulu, kepala dan leher, ceker, organ dalam, hati, empedal, dan jantung). Data dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial 2 × 2 yang terdiri atas faktor jenis kelamin dan umur potong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kelamin berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase sayap, bobot non karkas, persentase ceker, dan persentase jantung. Umur potong berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, persentase dada, persentase paha bawah, persentase sayap, bobot non karkas, persentase bulu, dan persentase jantung. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara jenis kelamin dan umur potong terhadap seluruh variabel produksi karkas maupun non karkas. Ayam jantan menghasilkan produksi karkas dan non karkas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ayam betina, sedangkan umur potong ±10 minggu menghasilkan produksi karkas yang lebih baik dibandingkan umur ±8 minggu.

This study aimed to determine the effects of sex and slaughter age on the carcass and non-carcass production of Mardi and Kuntara crossbred chickens. A total of 20 chickens were used, consisting of 5 males and 5 females in each treatment group. The chickens were slaughtered at approximately 8 and 10 weeks of age using the halal slaughter method, followed by the separation of carcass and non-carcass parts (parting). The observed variables included slaughter weight, carcass weight, non-carcass weight, carcass percentages (breast, upper thigh, lower thigh, wing, and back), and non-carcass percentages (blood, feathers, head and neck, feet, giblets, liver, gizzard, and heart). The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software based on a 2 × 2 factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors: sex and slaughter age. The results showed that sex had a significant effect on slaughter weight, carcass weight, wing percentage, non-carcass weight, feet percentage, and heart percentage. Slaughter age had a significant effect on slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, breast percentage, lower thigh percentage, wing percentage, non-carcass weight, feather percentage, and heart percentage. No interaction was observed between sex and slaughter age for all carcass and non-carcass production variables. Male chickens produced higher carcass and non-carcass yields than female chickens, whereas chickens slaughtered at approximately 10 weeks of age produced better carcass yields than those slaughtered at approximately 8 weeks of age.

Kata Kunci : Ayam persilangan Mardi dan Kuntara, Jenis Kelamin, Karkas, Non Karkas, Umur Potong