Niat Petani Konvensional untuk Menerapkan Sistem Pertanian Organik: Studi Kasus pada Petani di Sekitar Lahan Organik APPOLI

Gita Dewi Puspa Indriani, Prof. Dr. Ir. Irham, M.Sc ; Dr. Hani Perwitasari, S.P., M.Sc ; Pinjung Nawang Sari, S.P., M.Sc

2026 | Skripsi | SOS.EK. PERTANIAN (AGROBISNIS)

Adanya petani yang masih menggunakan sistem konvensional padahal di sekitarnya sudah ada petani yang menerapkan pertanian organik menjadi permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan niat petani untuk menerapkan pertanian organik meskipun telah ada dukungan dari APPOLI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi sikap, dukungan sosial, dan kesanggupan petani konvensional terhadap pertanian organik, (2) mengidentifikasi persepsi keuntungan relatif, kesesuaian, kerumitan, kemungkinan dicoba, dan kemungkinan diamati pada petani konvensional terhadap pertanian organik, (3) mengkaji niat petani konvensional untuk menerapkan sistem pertanian organik, dan (4) mengetahui pengaruh sikap, dukungan sosial, kesanggupan petani, persepsi keuntungan relatif, kesesuaian, kerumitan, kemungkinan dicoba, dan kemungkinan diamati terhadap niat petani konvensional untuk menerapkan sistem pertanian organik. Teori yang digunakan adalah Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) untuk mengetahui karakteristik inovasi yang mempengaruhi niat petani untuk menerapkan pertanian organik serta Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) untuk mengetahui sejauh mana niat petani untuk menerapkan pertanian organik dilihat dari faktor psikologis petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada petani konvensional di sekitar lahan organik APPOLI, Kabupaten Boyolali pada tahun 2025. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sehingga didapatkan 60 petani konvensional. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis scoring dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sikap petani terhadap pertanian organik termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, dukungan sosial petani untuk menerapkan pertanian organik berada dalam kategori sedang, dan kesanggupan petani menerapkan pertanian organik termasuk dalam kategori sedang, (2) persepsi petani mengenai keuntungan relatif pertanian organik berada dalam kategori tinggi, persepsi kesesuaian pertanian organik termasuk dalam kategori sedang, persepsi kerumitan pertanian organik berada dalam kategori sedang, persepsi kemungkinan dicoba termasuk kategori tinggi, dan persepsi kemungkinan diamati berada dalam kategori sedang, (3) niat petani konvensional untuk menerapkan pertanian organik termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, (4) sikap, dukungan sosial, kesanggupan petani, persepsi keuntungan relatif, persepsi kerumitan serta persepsi kemungkinan diamati tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat petani untuk menerapkan pertanian organik. Sementara itu, persepsi kesesuaian dan persepsi kemungkinan dicoba memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap niat petani untuk menerapkan pertanian organik. 

The existence of farmers who still use conventional systems even though there are farmers in their surroundings who already practice organic farming is a problem in this study. This indicates that there are differences in farmers intentions to implement organic farming despite support from APPOLI. This study aims to (1) identify the attitudes, social support, and capabilities of conventional farmers toward organic farming; (2) identify the perceptions of relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability in conventional farmers towards organic farming; (3) examine conventional farmers intentions to implement organic farming systems; and (4) determine the influence of attitudes, social support, capabilities, perceptions of relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability on conventional farmers intentions to implement organic farming systems. The theories used are Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) to determine the characteristics of innovations that influence farmers intentions to implement organic farming and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to determine the extent to which farmers intentions to implement organic farming are influenced by psychological factors. The study was conducted on conventional farmers around the APPOLI organic land, Boyolali Regency in 2025. The sample was determined purposively so that 60 conventional farmers were obtained. Data were analyzed using scoring analysis and multiple linear regression. The results showed that (1) farmers attitudes towards organic farming were in the high category, farmers social support for implementing organic farming was in the medium category, and farmers capabilities to implement organic farming was in the medium category, (2) farmers perceptions of the relative advantages of organic farming were in the high category, perceptions of the compatibility of organic farming were in the medium category, perceptions of the complexity of organic farming were in the medium category, perceptions of the trialability were in the high category, and perceptions of the observability were in the medium category, (3) conventional farmers intentions to implement organic farming were in the high category, (4) attitudes, social support, farmers capabilities, perceptions of relative advantages, perceptions of complexity and perceptions of the observability did not have a significant effect on farmers intentions to implement organic farming. Meanwhile, perceptions of compatibility and perceptions of trialability had a significant positive effect on farmers intentions to implement organic farming. 

Kata Kunci : pertanian organik, niat petani, Theory of Planned Behavior, Diffusion of Innovations, adopsi inovasi