EVALUASI VENTILASI LABORATORIUM TRANSPORTASI DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK SIPIL DAN LINGKUNGAN BERDASARKAN KUALITAS UDARA DAN PERSEPSI PENGGUNA

Annabel Neafela Santana, Ir. Nurul Alvia Istiqomah, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2026 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK INFRASTRUKTUR LINGKUNGAN

Laboratorium Transportasi Departemen Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada merupakan fasilitas akademik yang digunakan untuk kegiatan pengujian aspal, pembuatan campuran hotmix, dan praktikum perkerasan jalan yang berpotensi menghasilkan polutan udara dalam ruang. Potensi terbentuknya polutan tersebut memerlukan sistem ventilasi yang mampu mendukung pengendalian kualitas udara dan kenyamanan pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kondisi ventilasi Laboratorium Transportasi berdasarkan kualitas udara dalam ruang dan persepsi pengguna. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pengukuran kualitas udara, analisis persepsi pengguna, dan evaluasi ventilasi menggunakan metode Antisipasi, Rekognisi, Evaluasi, dan Pengendalian (AREP). Pengukuran dilakukan pada kondisi saat praktikum berlangsung dan tanpa praktikum terhadap enam parameter, yaitu Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), SO?, NO?, CO, O?, dan kebisingan. Persepsi pengguna diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner, sedangkan evaluasi ventilasi dilakukan terhadap sistem ventilasi yang tersedia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh parameter masih memenuhi baku mutu, namun hampir seluruh parameter mengalami peningkatan konsentrasi selama praktikum. Peningkatan terbesar terjadi pada TSP yang mencapai hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan kondisi tanpa praktikum, sedangkan O? merupakan parameter yang paling mendekati baku mutu. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan antara persepsi udara pengap dengan keluhan sesak napas (? = 0,648) dan iritasi mata (? = 0,645). Evaluasi ventilasi menunjukkan bahwa bukaan ventilasi yang ada belum memenuhi standar SNI 03-6572-2001 (10?ri luas lantai), namun sudah memenuhi standar SNI 6572-1:2024. Selain itu, ventilasi alami yang ada belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal dan belum didukung oleh ventilasi mekanis yang memadai. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan penerapan hybrid ventilation melalui modifikasi sedikitnya 83,3% panel kaca mati menjadi jendela operable, penambahan sedikitnya 7 unit ceiling exhaust fan, serta relokasi penyimpanan sementara limbah B3 ke sudut laboratorium yang berdekatan dengan jendela yang berbatasan langsung dengan ruang luar untuk meningkatkan kualitas udara dan kondisi lingkungan kerja.

The Transportation Laboratory of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, is an academic facility used for asphalt testing, hot-mix mixture preparation, and pavement laboratory practices, all of which have the potential to generate indoor air pollutants. The potential generation of these pollutants requires a ventilation system capable of maintaining indoor air quality and ensuring occupants' comfort. This study aimed to evaluate the condition of the ventilation system in the Transportation Laboratory based on indoor air quality and users' perceptions. The study was conducted through indoor air quality measurements, user perception analysis, and ventilation system evaluation using the Anticipation, Recognition, Evaluation, and Control (AREP) method. Measurements were carried out under two conditions, namely during laboratory activities and in the absence of laboratory activities, for six parameters: Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), SO?, NO?, CO, O?, and noise. User perceptions were collected through questionnaires, while the ventilation evaluation was conducted by assessing the existing ventilation system. The results showed that all measured parameters complied with the applicable standards, although the concentrations of almost all parameters increased during laboratory activities. The greatest increase was observed in TSP, which nearly doubled compared to the condition without laboratory activities, while O? was the parameter with the concentration closest to the applicable standard. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between the perception of stuffy indoor air and complaints of shortness of breath (? = 0.648) and eye irritation (? = 0.645). The ventilation evaluation indicated that the existing ventilation openings did not comply with SNI 03-6572-2001, which requires a minimum opening area equivalent to 10% of the floor area, but complied with the requirements of SNI 6572-1:2024. In addition, the existing natural ventilation had not been utilized optimally and was not adequately supported by mechanical ventilation. Therefore, the implementation of a hybrid ventilation system is recommended by converting at least 83.3% of the fixed glass panels into operable windows, installing at least seven ceiling exhaust fans, and relocating the temporary hazardous waste storage area to a corner of the laboratory adjacent to a window facing the outdoor environment to improve indoor air quality and the working environment.

Kata Kunci : kualitas udara dalam ruang, ventilasi, Laboratorium Transportasi, persepsi pengguna