ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL PADA AC-WC DENGAN SUBSTITUSI 50% MATERIAL RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT DAN PENAMBAHAN PEREMAJA ITERLENE

Muhammad Zidni Firdaus, Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2026 | Skripsi | TEKNIK SIPIL

Tingginya eksploitasi material baru dan emisi karbon konstruksi perkerasan jalan mendorong pemanfaatan Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) sebagai solusi ramah lingkungan. Namun, aspal dalam RAP telah mengalami penuaan yang menjadikan sifatnya lebih kaku, sehingga dibutuhkan bahan peremaja (bahan peremaja). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kadar bahan peremaja Iterlene yang digunakan pada Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) dengan substitusi 50% RAP serta menganalisis karakteristik Marshall yang dihasilkan dan membandingkannya dengan AC-WC kontrol.

Perancangan AC-WC RAP diawali dengan ekstraksi dan pemulihan binder RAP, kemudian uji penetrasi dilakukan terhadap aspal RAP hasil ekstraksi dan aspal murni penetrasi 60/70 berperemaja yang kadar peremajanya divariasikan sebesar 0,2% s.d. 0,6% terhadap berat RAP. Hasil uji penetrasi digunakan untuk menentukan kadar peremaja yang dibutuhkan pada masing-masing variasi kadar aspal melalui grafik pencampuran. Selanjutnya, agregat alam direkayasa gradasinya untuk melengkapi kekosongan gradasi bawaan RAP. Kadar aspal rencana AC-WC RAP ditetapkan berdasarkan nilai Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO) AC-WC kontrol. Benda uji berupa silinder Marshall dicampur menggunakan skema double-drum mixing. Hasil analisis karakteristik Marshall dievaluasi berdasarkan Spesifikasi Khusus Interim 1.6.27 Bina Marga 2019 dan dibandingkan dengan AC-WC kontrol.

Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan kinerja AC-WC 50% RAP mampu memenuhi standar spesifikasi, tetapi sensitif terhadap perubahan kadar aspal. Sifat volumetriknya fluktuatif dan sulit diprediksi, dibuktikan dengan nilai VMA yang abnormal serta VIM dan VFA yang lebih lambat masuk ke spesifikasi dibandingkan AC-WC kontrol. Nilai rata-rata stabilitas yang dihasilkan sebesar 2.174 kg, lebih tinggi daripada AC-WC kontrol yang hanya 1.490,5 kg, diikuti dengan nilai kelelehan yang cenderung lebih rendah daripada AC-WC kontrol. Dengan demikian, sifat campuran RAP lebi kaku dan kuat menahan beban berat, tetapi getas dan kurang mampu melentur dalam menahan beban repetitif. Nilai KAO ditentukan dengan metode narrow range, menghasilkan nilai sebesar 6,3%, lebih tinggi 0,4% dibandingkan KAO kontrol. Meski demikian, AC-WC RAP berhasil lolos spesifikasi dengan menekan kebutuhan material baru.

The heavy exploitation of virgin materials and carbon emissions in pavement construction drive the utilization of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as an eco-friendly solution. However, the binder within RAP undergoes aging, increasing its stiffness and necessitating a rejuvenator. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effective dosage of Iterlene rejuvenator in an Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) with a 50% RAP substitution, analyze the resulting Marshall characteristics, and compare them with a control AC-WC mixture.

The mixture design initiated with the extraction and recovery of the RAP binder. Penetration tests were performed on the extracted RAP binder and a rejuvenated 60/70 penetration-grade virgin asphalt, with rejuvenator contents varied from 0.2% to 0.6% by weight of RAP. The penetration results established the required rejuvenator dosages for each asphalt variation via a blending chart. Subsequently, virgin aggregate gradations were engineered to supplement the gaps in the inherent RAP gradation. The design asphalt content for the RAP mixture was referenced from the Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) of the control mixture. Specimen preparation involved Marshall cylinders blended using a double-drum mixing scheme. The characteristics were evaluated against the Bina Marga Interim Special Specification 1.6.27 (2019) and compared with the control AC-WC.

The results indicated that the AC-WC with 50% RAP performance satisfied specification standards but was highly sensitive to asphalt content variations. Its volumetric properties were fluctuating and unpredictable, characterized by an abnormal VMA trend and delayed specification compliance for VIM and VFA compared to the control. The mixture achieved a higher average stability of 2,147 kg compared to the control's 1,490.5 kg, accompanied by a lower flow value. Consequently, the RAP mixture is stiffer and stronger under heavy loads, yet more brittle and less flexible under repetitive loading. Determined via the narrow-range method, the RAP mixture's OAC was 6,3%, which is 0,4% higher than the control. Nonetheless, the AC-WC RAP successfully satisfied specifications while reducing the consumption of virgin materials.

Kata Kunci : AC-WC, reclaimed asphalt pavement, bahan peremaja, kadar peremaja, karakteristik Marshall