Evaluasi Efektivitas dan Kinerja Finansial Program Dekarbonisasi pada Perusahaan Hulu Minyak dan Gas berdasarkan Analisis Marginal Abatement Cost (Studi Kasus: PT X)
Kelvin Kenzie Muhammad, Ir. Vempi Satriya Adi Hendrawan, S.T., M.Env., Ph.D
2026 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK INFRASTRUKTUR LINGKUNGAN
The energy sector contributes 42% of Indonesia’s total greenhouse gas emissions, while oil and gas accounted for 29.2% of the national energy mix in 2024. As one of the major emission sources, the upstream oil and gas industry requires comprehensive evaluation of decarbonization initiatives from both environmental and financial perspectives. PT X has implemented six decarbonization programs: 3 based on energy efficiency (EE1, EE2, EE3), one flaring reduction program (FR1), one electrification program (EL1), and one fuel switching program (FS1). However, no quantitative assessment has been conducted to evaluate their effectiveness and prioritize their implementation. This study aims to assess the performance of PT X’s decarbonization programs using a Marginal abatement cost (MAC) approach based on actual operational data.
The study was conducted through program characterization, emission reduction quantification using an activity-based approach in accordance with IPCC guidelines, financial performance evaluation through incremental cost analysis, development of a Marginal abatement cost Curve (MACC), and sensitivity analysis of three critical parameters: grid electricity emission factor, associated gas production volume, and diesel fuel price.
The results show that four programs achieved positive emission reductions: FR1 with 19,177 tCO?e/year, EE2 with 1,357 tCO?e/year, EE3 with 1,156 tCO?e/year, and FS1 with 22 tCO?e/year. In contrast, EE1 and EL1 increased emissions due to the high emission factor of the JAMALI electricity grid. All six programs generated negative incremental costs, indicating net financial benefits. The MAC values of the four emission-reducing programs ranged from ?IDR 1,450,744.34/tCO?e to ?IDR 36,300,193.51/tCO?e, demonstrating a profitable decarbonization strategy. Sensitivity analysis indicates that FR1 is the most resilient to operational parameter changes, whereas EL1 is highly sensitive to fluctuations in diesel fuel prices.
Kata Kunci : Dekarbonisasi, Marginal Abatement Cost, Hulu Minyak dan Gas, Efisiensi Energi, Elektrifikasi