KELIMPAHAN BAKTERI AMONIFIKASI DAN KADAR AMONIUM TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN Indigofera zollingeriana UMUR 18 BULAN DI DESA PITU, NGAWI, JAWA TIMUR
Nur Khasanah, 1. Ir. Arom Figyantika, S.Hut., M.Sc., Ph.D.;Dr. Ir. Handojo Hadi Nurjanto, M.Agr.Sc., IPU.
2026 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN
Indigofera zollingeriana merupakan tanaman leguminosa yang
berpotensi meningkatkan kesuburan tanah melalui penambahan bahan organik dan
perannya dalam siklus nitrogen. Kelimpahan bakteri amonifikasi dan kandungan amonium
(NH??) merupakan indikator penting dalam proses mineralisasi nitrogen tanah, karena keduanya berperan dalam
proses mineralisasi nitrogen yang menentukan ketersediaan hara bagi tanaman.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tanaman Indigofera
zollingeriana umur 18 bulan setelah tanam terhadap kelimpahan bakteri
amonifikasi dan kadar amonium tanah, serta menganalisis pengaruh kedalaman
solum tanah terhadap jumlah bakteri amonifikasi dan kadar amonium.
Penelitian
dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Juni 2026. Sampel tanah diambil pada dua
jenis perlakuan yaitu plot dengan I. zollingeriana dan tanpa I.
zollingeriana pada kedalaman 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, dan 20-30 cm. Parameter yang diukur pada
penelitian ini adalah kelimpahan bakteri amonifikasi dan kadar amonium tanah kemudian hasil pengukuran
dianalisis menggunakan
Analisis Varian (ANOVA). Pengujian parameter dilakukan
di Laboratorium Fisiologi Pohon dan Tanah Hutan, Departemen Silvikultur,
Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman I. zollingeriana umur
18 bulan mampu meningkatkan kelimpahan bakteri amonifikasi secara signifikan,
namun tidak dapat memberikan pengaruh
nyata terhadap kadar amonium tanah. Kedalaman
tanah juga memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kelimpahan
bakteri amonifikasi, namun tidak dapat
memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar amonium tanah. Meskipun tidak berbeda nyata
antar perlakuan, kadar amonium tanah pada seluruh plot penelitian masih
tergolong tinggi hingga sangat tinggi.
Indigofera
zollingeriana is a legume plant that has the potential to increase soil
fertility through the addition of organic matter and its role in the nitrogen
cycle. One important indicator of soil fertility is the abundance of
ammonifying bacteria and ammonium (NH??) levels, because both play a role in
the nitrogen mineralization process that determines nutrient availability for
plants. This study aims to analyze the effect of Indigofera zollingeriana at 18
months after planting on the population of ammonifying bacteria and soil
ammonium levels, as well as to analyze the effect of soil solum depth on the
number of ammonifying bacteria and ammonium levels.
The study was conducted
from January to June 2026. Soil samples were taken from two types of
treatments, namely plots with I. zollingeriana and without I. zollingeriana at
depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm. The parameters measured in this
study were the abundance of ammonifying bacteria and soil ammonium levels, then
the measurement results were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Parameter testing was carried out at the Tree and Forest Soil Physiology
Laboratory, Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah
Mada.
The results showed
that 18-month-old I. zollingeriana plants significantly increased the abundance
of ammonifying bacteria, but did not significantly affect soil ammonium levels.
Soil depth also significantly affected the ammonifying bacteria population, but
did not significantly affect soil ammonium levels. Although there were no
significant differences between treatments, soil ammonium levels in all
research plots were still classified as high to very high.
Kata Kunci : Indigofera zollingeriana, kedalaman tanah, bakteri amonifikasi, kadar amonium
