Olimpiade Paris 2024: Diplomasi Cina Melalui Perolehan Medali

Salwa Amarelia Mardava, Randy Wirasta Nandyatama, S.I.P., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2026 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana perolehan medali Cina pada Olimpiade Paris 2024 dimanfaatkan sebagai instrumen soft power dalam memperkuat diplomasi olahraga dan nation branding Cina di tingkat internasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis melalui studi kepustakaan yang bersumber dari jurnal ilmiah, buku, dokumen resmi pemerintah, dan laporan organisasi internasional. Analisis penelitian menggunakan konsep soft power Joseph S. Nye, diplomasi olahraga, dan nation branding untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara prestasi olahraga dengan peningkatan pengaruh serta citra negara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan Cina meraih 40 medali emas pada Olimpiade Paris 2024 tidak hanya mencerminkan efektivitas sistem pembinaan olahraga Juguo Tizhi, tetapi juga memperkuat reputasi dan citra Cina sebagai salah satu kekuatan olahraga dunia. Keberhasilan tersebut meningkatkan daya tarik sistem olahraga Cina melalui berkembangnya kerja sama olahraga internasional, program training camp, pertukaran pelatih dan atlet, serta pemanfaatan institusi olahraga Cina sebagai pusat pembelajaran bagi berbagai negara. Meskipun Juguo Tizhi menghadapi kritik terkait tingginya orientasi pada prestasi dan tekanan terhadap atlet, sistem tersebut tetap menjadi fondasi utama yang mendukung konsistensi prestasi olahraga Cina. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perolehan medali pada Olimpiade Paris 2024 tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai indikator keberhasilan olahraga, tetapi juga menjadi instrumen soft power yang memperkuat diplomasi olahraga dan nation branding Cina melalui peningkatan reputasi, daya tarik, dan kerja sama internasional 

This research aims to analyze how China's medal achievements at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games were utilized as an instrument of soft power to strengthen its sports diplomacy and nation branding at the international level. This research employed a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through library research, drawing on academic journals, books, official government documents, and reports from international organizations. The analysis was based on Joseph S. Nye's concept of soft power, the concept of sports diplomacy, and nation branding to explain the relationship between sporting achievements and the enhancement of a country's influence and international image. The findings reveal that China's achievement of 40 gold medals at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games not only reflects the effectiveness of the Juguo Tizhi sports development system but also reinforces China's reputation and image as one of the world's leading sporting powers. This success has increased the attractiveness of China's sports system through the expansion of international sports cooperation, training camp programs, exchanges of coaches and athletes, and the utilization of Chinese sports institutions as training and learning centers for various countries. Although the Juguo Tizhi system has been criticized for its strong emphasis on medal-oriented achievements and the pressure placed on athletes, it remains the primary foundation supporting China's consistent sporting success. Therefore, this study concludes that China's medal achievements at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games serve not only as an indicator of sporting excellence but also as an effective instrument of soft power that strengthens China's sports diplomacy and nation branding by enhancing its international reputation, attractiveness, and cooperation. 

Kata Kunci : Soft Power, Diplomasi Olahraga, Nation Branding, Juguo Tizhi, Olimpiade Paris 2024, Cina.