Gambaran Pola Peresepan dan Efek Samping Obat Antiepilepsi pada Pasien Epilepsi Wanita Usia Reproduktif di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

Atika Choirunnisa, Prof. Dr. apt. Zullies Ikawati

2026 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Kompleksitas hubungan antara epilepsi, hormon reproduksi, serta efek OAE menjadikan pengelolaan epilepsi pada wanita usia reproduktif perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus, terutama terkait pemilihan obat, dosis, dan keamanan terhadap fungsi reproduksi. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mengetahui pola peresepan obat antiepilepsi dan efek samping yang dialami pasien epilepsi wanita usia reproduktif.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non-eksperimental dengan rancangan cross-sectional dengan subjek pasien epilepsi wanita berusia 18-49 tahun dalam rentang periode April-Mei 2026 di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling dengan kriteria inklusi mendapatkan terapi antikonvulsan, baik monoterapi maupun politerapi, terdiagnosa epilepsi primer maupun sekunder, dan patuh menggunakan obat yang dibuktikan dengan skor Morisky Green Levine Scale (MGLS) ?2. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (LAEP) dan Morisky Green Levine Scale (MGLS) serta penelusuran rekam medis. Kuesioner LAEP merupakan kuesioner yang mengukur tingkat keparahan efek samping OAE, sedangkan MGLS merupakan kuesioner yang mengukur tingkat kepatuhan minum OAE. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif terhadap skor MGLS untuk menilai kepatuhan dan skor LAEP untuk menilai efek samping.

Pasien yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 50 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa obat antiepilepsi yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah levetirasetam (78%) dengan regimen terapi yang banyak dipilih adalah politerapi (64%). Kombinasi OAE yang banyak diresepkan adalah klobazam dan levetirasetam, yaitu sebanyak 4 peresepan. Berdasarkan klasifikasi total skor pada kuesioner LAEP, mayoritas pasien berada pada kategori efek samping ringan (skor <45>

The complex relationship between epilepsy, reproductive hormones, and the effects of antiseizure medications (ASMs) requires special attention in the management of epilepsy among women of reproductive age, particularly regarding drug selection, dosage, and reproductive safety. This study was conducted to describe the prescribing patterns of antiseizure medications and the adverse effects experienced by women of reproductive age with epilepsy.

This was a non-experimental study with a cross-sectional design involving women with epilepsy aged 18-49 years who attended Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, between April and May 2026. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling technique. The inclusion criteria were receiving antiseizure medications therapy, either as monotherapy or polytherapy, having a diagnosis of primary or secondary epilepsy, and demonstrating adherence to medication, as indicated by a Morisky Green Levine Scale (MGLS) score of ?2. Data were collected through interviews using the Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (LAEP) and the Morisky Green Levine Scale (MGLS) questionnaires, as well as through medical record review. The LAEP questionnaire was used to assess the severity of adverse effects associated with antiseizure medications, whereas the MGLS questionnaire was used to evaluate medication adherence. Data were analyzed descriptively using MGLS score to assess medication adherence and LAEP scores to evaluate adverse effects.

A total of 50 patients were included in this study. The results showed that levetiracetam was the most frequently prescribed antiseizure medication (78%), while polytherapy was the most common treatment regimen (64%). The most frequently prescribed combination therapy was clobazam and levetiracetam, accounting for four prescriptions. Based on the total LAEP score classification, the majority of patients (78%) were categorized as having mild adverse effects (LAEP score <45>

Kata Kunci : epilepsi, wanita usia reproduktif, obat antiepilepsi, pola peresepan, efek samping obat