Kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah mendorong transformasi besar salah satunya di bidang pendidikan tinggi. Pemanfaatan AI dalam dunia pendidikan menawarkan pengalaman belajar yang lebih interaktif dan terpersonalisasi. Namun, di balik manfaatnya terdapat risiko terutama pada isu akurasi informasi, risiko ketergantungan, serta keamanan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik penggunaan AI serta mengeksplorasi persepsi mahasiswa terhadap manfaat dan risiko penggunaan AI dalam pembelajaran.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang melibatkan 260 mahasiswa S1 Farmasi UGM dengan desain survei cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode convenience sampling. Instrumen penelitian berbentuk kuesioner yang terbagi menjadi empat bagian yang mencakup karakteristik responden, pengalaman, persepsi manfaat, serta risiko penggunaan AI dalam pembelajaran farmasi dengan total 30 pertanyaan. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner daring berupa Google Formulir. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif meliputi distribusi frekuensi, persentase, mean, serta standar deviasi. Tingkat persepsi dikategorikan menggunakan teknik interval kelas, dengan skor persepsi manfaat berkisar antara 11–55 poin dan skor persepsi risiko 10–50 poin.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, seluruh responden (100%) telah familier dengan teknologi AI. Platform yang paling populer digunakan adalah ChatGPT (97,7%), disusul oleh Google Gemini (77,3%) dan Perplexity AI (66,9%). Mahasiswa memanfaatkan AI dengan intensitas rata-rata 4,74 hari per minggu, utamanya untuk mendalami materi kuliah (95,8%), menelusuri referensi akademik (86,5%), persiapan ujian (86,5%), serta mendukung kebutuhan diskusi atau presentasi (83,8%). Dari aspek psikologis, persepsi mahasiswa terhadap manfaat AI tergolong positif (rata-rata skor 3,83; total 42,20), sementara persepsi terhadap risikonya masuk dalam kategori sangat positif (rata-rata skor 4,34; total 43,42). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa mahasiswa bersikap terbuka namun tetap kritis terhadap keterbatasan AI. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan pembelajaran farmasi yang lebih inovatif dan berkelanjutan, serta berkontribusi pada penguatan kualitas lulusan farmasi yang kompetitif di era digital.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has driven significant transformation across various sectors, including higher education. The integration of AI into education offers more interactive and personalized learning experiences. However, alongside its benefits, AI also presents several challenges, particularly regarding information accuracy, the risk of user dependency, and data security. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of AI usage and to explore students’ perceptions of the benefits and risks of AI in learning.
This descriptive quantitative study employed a cross-sectional survey design involving 260 undergraduate pharmacy students at Universitas Gadjah Mada. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through an online questionnaire administered via Google Forms. The questionnaire consisted of 30 items divided into four sections: respondent characteristics, experiences with AI use, perceived benefits, and perceived risks of AI in pharmacy education. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distributions, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Perception levels were classified using the class interval method, with benefit perception scores ranging from 11 to 55 and risk perception scores ranging from 10 to 50.
The findings revealed that all respondents (100%) were familiar with AI technology. ChatGPT was the most widely used platform (97.7%), followed by Google Gemini (77.3%) and Perplexity AI (66.9%). Students used AI for an average of 4.74 days per week, primarily to enhance their understanding of course materials (95.8%), search for academic references (86.5%), prepare for examinations (86.5%), and support discussions or presentations (83.8%). In terms of psychological aspects, students demonstrated a positive perception of the benefits of AI (mean score = 3.83; total score = 42.20), while their perception of AI-related risks was categorized as very positive (mean score = 4.34; total score = 43.42). These findings indicate that students are receptive to AI adoption while maintaining a critical awareness of its limitations. This study provides evidence to support the development of more innovative and sustainable pharmacy education and contributes to strengthening the quality of pharmacy graduates in the digital era.
Kata Kunci :
artificial intelligence (AI), persepsi mahasiswa, pembelajaran farmasi, manfaat AI, risiko AI
