Perkembangan teknologi transportasi ramah lingkungan mendorong pengembangan kendaraan listrik ringan untuk mendukung sektor pariwisata, salah satunya Becak Kayuh Listrik Pariwisata (BEKALISTA). Dalam proses pembuatan frame kendaraan, kualitas hasil pengelasan sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketepatan posisi dan kestabilan benda kerja. Untuk menjaga konsistensi dimensi dan kualitas sambungan las, diperlukan alat bantu berupa Welding Jig. Oleh karena itu, proyek akhir ini bertujuan untuk merancang Welding Jig untuk frame BEKALISTA menggunakan perangkat lunak Computer Aided Design (CAD) serta melakukan analisis kekuatan struktur untuk memastikan keamanan dan kestabilannya selama proses pengelasan.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode perancangan (design method). Tahapan penelitian dimulai dari studi awal dan pengumpulan data melalui observasi, studi literatur, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kebutuhan desain, pembuatan model tiga dimensi (3D) Welding Jig menggunakan perangkat lunak SolidWorks, serta analisis kekuatan struktur. Analisis dilakukan terhadap beberapa parameter, yaitu tegangan (stress), deformasi, dan faktor keamanan (safety factor) dengan mempertimbangkan pembebanan pada Jig frame depan, frame belakang, dan frame ornament.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain model 3D Welding Jig berhasil dibuat sesuai dengan dimensi dan geometri frame BEKALISTA. Hasil analisis kekuatan struktur menunjukkan bahwa seluruh desain Jig mampu menahan pembebanan yang diberikan dengan aman. Nilai tegangan yang terjadi masih berada di bawah batas luluh material, deformasi yang dihasilkan relatif kecil, serta nilai safety factor berada di atas batas aman penggunaan. Dengan demikian, Welding Jig yang dirancang dinyatakan layak digunakan untuk membantu proses pengelasan frame BEKALISTA agar lebih presisi, stabil, dan konsisten.
The development of environmentally friendly transportation technology has encouraged the advancement of lightweight electric vehicles to support the tourism sector, one of which is the Tourism Electric Pedicab (BEKALISTA). In the frame manufacturing process, the quality of Welding results is highly influenced by the accuracy of component positioning and workpiece stability. To maintain dimensional consistency and Welding quality, a supporting tool in the form of a Welding Jig is required. Therefore, this final project aims to design a Welding Jig for the BEKALISTA frame using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software and to conduct structural strength analysis to ensure its safety and stability during the Welding process.
The method used in this research was the design method. The research stages began with preliminary studies and data collection through observation, literature study, and documentation. Furthermore, design requirement analysis, three-dimensional (3D) modeling of the Welding Jig using SolidWorks software, and structural strength analysis were carried out. The analysis focused on several parameters, including stress, deformation, and safety factor by considering the loading conditions on the front frame Jig, rear frame Jig, and ornament frame Jig.
The results showed that the 3D Welding Jig model was successfully designed according to the dimensions and geometry of the BEKALISTA frame. The structural strength analysis indicated that all Jig designs were capable of safely withstanding the applied loads. The resulting stress values were still below the material yield strength, the deformation values were relatively small, and the safety factor values were above the minimum safety limit. Therefore, the designed Welding Jig is considered feasible to support the Welding process of the BEKALISTA frame to achieve better precision, stability, and consistency.
Kata Kunci :
Welding Jig, CAD, Structural Analysis
