Prevalensi Leptospirosis pada sapi bibit di Pulau Lombok

DIARMITA, I Ketut, Prof.drh. H.R. Wasito, MSc.,Ph.D

2005 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat prevalensi leptospirosis pada sapi bibit di Pulau Lombok, mengingat Nusa Tenggara Barat khususnya Pulau Lombok merupakan sentra ternak bibit dan ternak potong yang mensuplai daerah daerah lain di Indonesia, maupun ekspor ke Malaysia. Dalam perjanjian ekspor sapi bibit biasanya dipersyaratkan bebas dari beberapa penyakit diantaranya leptospirosis. Sebanyak 100 sampel serum diambil dari 400 ekor sapi bibit berumur 1,5 - 2 th, yang akan diantar pulaukan. Sebelum diambil serumnya, dilakukan pencatatan terhadap umur, bangsa, jenis kelamin, asal ternak, dan nomor telinga. Sapi bibit berasal dari beberapa kecamatan di Pulau Lombok (Lombok Barat, Lombok Tengah dan Lombok Timur), darah diambil segera melalui vena jugularis setelah sapi memasuki masa karantina pada Balai Karantina Hewan Kelas II, Lembar-Mataram. Sebelum diperiksa serum disimpan pada suhu – 20 derajat C. Pemeriksaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Veteriner Bogor, dengan uji serologis Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tingkat prevalensi leptospirosis pada sapi bibit di Pulau Lombok cukup tinggi (33 %). Serovar yang terdeteksi dalam penelitian ini adalah L. tarrasovi (22 %), L. hardjo (5 %), L. pomona (1 %), dan L. rachmati (2 %). Selanjutnya terdeteksi adanya reaksi ganda dan tripel masing masing 1 serum (1 %) terhadap L. pomona, dan L. rachmati, 2 sera (2 %) terhadap, L. tarrasovi, L. rachmati dan L. pomona Menurut wilayahnya tingkat prevalensi leptospirosis di Lombok Barat (47,6 %), Lombok Tengah (28,13 %) dan Lombok Timur (15,38 %).

The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the prevalence rate of leptospirosis among calve stock breeders in Lombok Island, WestNusa Tenggara considering that Lombok Island is a center for stock breeders and beef cattle wich supplies other areas in Indonesia including exports to Malaysia. An export agreement usually states that calve stock breeders must be free from several disease, such as leptospirosis. Approximately one hundred sample sera were collected from four hundred calve stock breeders ranging from 1,5 – 2 years of age that were ready to be send to other islands. Before sera were taken, data on ages, breeds, sexes, origins and ear tags were recorded. For the calve stock breeders originally from several districts in Lombok Island (West Lombok, Central Lombok and East Lombok), theirs bloods were collected from jugular vein soon after entering quarantine period at Balai Karantina Hewan Kelas II Lembar, Mataram. Before examinations were performed, the sera were stored at - 20º C. The examinations were carried out at the laboratory of the Balai Penelitian Veteriner Bogor, by using the so-called serologic Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). Result showed that the prevalence rate of leptospirosis among calve stock breeders in Lombok Island was moderately high (33 %). Serovar detected on this research involved L. tarrasovi (22 %), L. hardjo (5 %), L. pomona (1 %) and L. rachmati (2 %). In addition double and triple reactions. i.e one serum (1 %) against L. pomona and L. rachmati, one serum (1 %) against L. tarrasovi , L. rachmati and L. pomona, were resfectively found. The prevalence levels of leptospirosis based on areas were 47,6 %, 28,13 % and 15,38 % in the West, Central and East Lombok, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Penyakit Hewan,Leptospirosis,Sapi Bibit, Prevalence, leptospirosis, MAT, Calve Stock Breeders.