Cemaran Salmonella spp. pada kulit telur ayam yang dilalulintaskan di karantina hewan Pelabuhan Perak Surabaya

KUNDORO, Dr.drh. Soedarmanto Indarjulianto

2005 | Tesis | S2 Sain Veteriner

Salmonella spp merupakan bakteri yang menyebabkan berbagai penyakit pada ayam. Dengan meningkatnya volume dan frekwensi lalu lintas bahan asal hewan terutama telur dapat terjadinya resiko penularan dan penyebaran penyakit karantina. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat cemaran bakteri Salmonella spp pada kulit telur ayam yang di lalulintaskan. Sampel diambil dari telur-telur yang akan di antar pulaukan dari Pelabuhan Perak Surabaya sebanyak 118 sampel. Kulit telur di swab dengan swab yang basah dengan NaCl fisiologis, dipupuk pada kaldu selenit, diinkubasi pada suhu 37º C selama 24 jam. Kemudian kultur bakteri dari kaldu selenit dipupuk pada media Brilliant Green Agar, diinkubasi pada suhu 37ºC selama 24 jam. Koloni pertumbuhan yang berwarna pink yang diduga Salmonella spp. Selanjutnya diperiksa morfologi selnya dengan pewarnaan Gram, dan dilanjutkan uji biokimiawi. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan sifat biakan, morfologi koloni, pewarnaan gram dan uji biokimiawi didapatkan hasil 9 sampel terisolasi Salmonella spp yang terdiri dari 2 sampel Salmonella pullorum dan 7 sampel Salmonella motil. Salmonella pullorum pada media Tripel Sugar Agar terbentuk gas ditandai dengan terangkatnya medium dari dasar tabung serta menghasilkan H2S yang ditandai warna hitam pada bagian tengah media. Uji MR, citrate positif dan uji VP, urea, motiliti negatig. Mefermentasi glukosa dan manitol tetapi tidak mefermentasi laktosa, maltosa, sukrosa dan dulsitol. Salmonella motil pada media Tripel Sugar Agar terbentuk gas ditandai dengan terangkatnya medium dari dasar tabung serta menghasilkan H2S yang ditandai warna hitam pada bagian tengah media. Uji MR, citrate , motiliti positif dan uji VP, urea negative. Mefermentasi glukosa, manitol, maltosa dan dulsitol tetapi tidak mefermentasi laktosa dan sukrosa.

Increasing traffics in volume and frequency of animal-products, especially chicken eggs may be risked with infection and dispersion of quarantine diseases. Trafficked chicken eggs have turned out to be media of Salmonella spp infection. Salmonella spp is a zoonosis-infecting disease attacking humans and animals. It is gram-negative, motile and non-motile, uncapsulated, flaggelar, rod-shaped bacterium. The present research was aimed to identify the pollutant level of Salmonella spp bacterium on trafficked chicken eggshells. 118 samples were taken from eggs inter-insularly trafficked from the Surabaya Perak Surabaya Port. Eggshells were wet-swabbed using selenite broths, cultivated in selenite broths, incubated at 37oC for 8-18 hours. Then, selenite bacterial cultures were cultivated within Brilliant Green Agar media, incubated at 37o C for 24 hours. Pink-colored growth were suspected as Salmonella spp. Based on examination in term of proliferation properties, colony morphology, gram staining and biochemical tests derived from 118 Salmonella spp 9-polluted samples, it was found 2 Salmonella pullorum and 7 motile Salmonella samples. Gases were developed on Salmonella pullorum within Triple Sugar Agar and they were identified with raising medium from tube bottom and produced black-colored H2S at the center of media. MR and citrate tests were positive, while VP, urea, motility tests were negative. Mannitol and glucose were fermented, while lactose, maltose, sucrose and dulcitol were not fermented. Gases were developed on motile Salmonella within Triple Sugar Agar media and they were identified with raising medium from tube bottom and produced black-colored H2S at the center of media. MR, citrate, and motility tests were positive, while VP and urea tests were negative. Glucose, mannitol, maltose and dulcitol were fermented, while lactose and sucrose were not fermented.

Kata Kunci : Cemaran bakteri, Salmonella spp, kulit telur, bacterial contamination, salmonella spp.,eggshells