Pengaruh Pemberian Produk Suplemen X Terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis Makrofag, Produksi Nitrit Oksida, dan Proliferasi Limfosit Pada Tikus Jantan Sprague Dawley

Mulyadin, drh. Retno Murwanti, M.P., Ph.D.; apt. Arief Rahman Hakim, S.Si., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | FARMASI

Penyakit infeksi dan resistensi antimikroba yang meningkat mendorong pengembangan imunostimulan berbasis bahan alam sebagai strategi peningkatan imun yang aman. Suplemen X merupakan produk imunostimulan yang mengandung kolostrum sapi, ekstrak kuning telur, ?-glukan dari berbagai jamur (Cordyceps sinensis, Agaricus blazei, Lentinus edodes, Grifola frondosa), inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), dan zinc methionine. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian Suplemen X terhadap aktivitas fagositosis makrofag, produksi nitrit oksida (NO), dan proliferasi limfosit pada tikus jantan Sprague Dawley secara in vivo.

Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus jantan Sprague Dawley berumur 6–8 minggu dibagi secara acak menjadi lima kelompok: kontrol negatif (CMC-Na 0,5%), kontrol positif (Stimuno Forte®), serta tiga kelompok dosis Suplemen X sebesar 14,76; 29,52; dan 44,28 mg/200 g BB/hari. Perlakuan diberikan secara oral selama 38 hari. Aktivitas fagositosis makrofag peritoneal dievaluasi dengan metode mikroskopis menggunakan partikel lateks dan pewarnaan Giemsa, produksi NO diukur dengan metode Griess, dan proliferasi limfosit splenosit dievaluasi dengan XTT assay pada kondisi terstimulasi phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) dan tanpa stimulasi (Non-PHA). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan GraphPad Prism 9.0 dengan uji Shapiro–Wilk, Brown–Forsythe, Bartlett, One-Way ANOVA, Two-Way ANOVA, dan uji Post hoc Tukey’s HSD (? = 0,05).

Suplemen X meningkatkan kapasitas fagositosis [F(4,18) = 24,93; p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>in vivo dan keterbatasan metode XTT assay. Disimpulkan bahwa Suplemen X berpotensi sebagai imunostimulan, terutama melalui peningkatan aktivitas fagositosis makrofag pada Dosis 1 (14,76 mg/200 g BB/hari).

Infectious diseases and rising antimicrobial resistance are driving the development of natural-based immunostimulants as a safe strategy for boosting immunity. Supplement X is an immunostimulant product containing bovine colostrum, egg yolk extract, ?-glucans from various mushrooms (Cordyceps sinensis, Agaricus blazei, Lentinus edodes, Grifola frondosa), inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), and zinc methionine. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Supplement X administration on macrophage phagocytosis, nitrit oksida (NO) production, and lymphocyte proliferation in male Sprague Dawley rats in vivo.

A total of 25 male Sprague Dawley rats aged 6–8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups: a negative control (0.5% CMC-Na), a positive control (Stimuno Forte®), and three Supplement X dose groups at 14.76, 29.52, and 44.28 mg/200 g body weight/day. The treatments were administered orally for 38 days. Peritoneal macrophage phagocytic activity was evaluated microscopically using latex particles and Giemsa staining; NO production was measured using the Griess method; and splenic lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated using the XTT assay under phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated and non-stimulated (Non-PHA) conditions. Data analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 9.0 with the Shapiro–Wilk, Brown–Forsythe, and Bartlett tests, as well as One-Way ANOVA, Two-Way ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test (? = 0.05).

X supplementation increased phagocytosis capacity [F(4,18) = 24.93; p < 0> = 0.847] and the phagocytosis index [F(4,18) = 10.98; p = 0.0001; R² = 0.709] of macrophages significantly, with a bell-shaped dose-response curve and the highest values observed at Dose 1 (phagocytosis capacity 54.38 ± 4.84%; phagocytosis index 2.015 ± 0.111). NO production did not differ significantly among groups [F(4,18) = 0.7175; p = 0.591], presumably due to high biological variability and the absence of an exogenous infectious challenge. Lymphocyte proliferation did not increase in the treatment groups, which is interpreted as a consequence of in vivo lymphocyte modulation and the limitations of the XTT assay method. It is concluded that Supplement X has the potential to act as an immunostimulant, primarily through increased macrophage phagocytosis activity at Dose 1 (14.76 mg/200 g body weight/day).

Kata Kunci : Imunostimulan, Fagositosis Makrofag, Nitrit Oksida, Proliferasi Limfosit, Sprague Dawley