Kemandirian anak usia 2,5-4 Tahun ditinjau dari tipe keluarga dan tipe prasekolah

DHAMAYANTI, Anggreswari Ayu, Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, M.Med.Sc.,Ph.D

2005 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi (Psikologi Perkembangan)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemandirian anak usia prasek olah usia 2,5 – 4 tahun ditinjau dari tipe keluarga (inti dan besar) dan tipe prasekolah (paruh hari dan penuh hari). Tujuh hipotesis diajukan untuk menguji perbedaan kemandirian anak menurut tipe keluarga dan tipe prasekolah. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 60 orang anak -anak prasekolah di play group Taruna Al Quran Lempongsari, play group Taruna Al Quran Minomartani, play group Budi Mulia Belimbingsari, play group Budi Mulia Seturan dan preschool Ahsanu Amala, Lempongsari, Yogyakarta. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan Skala Kemandirian, Angket Keluarga dan Dokumentasi. Melalui analisis kovarians dua faktor, diperoleh kesimpulan hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) Tidak terdapat perbedaan kemandirian antara anak yang berasal dari tipe keluarga inti dan tipe keluaga besar (F = 1,671; p = 0,202), (2) Anak yang bersekolah di prasekolah full day lebih mandiri daripada anak yang bersekolah di prasekolah half day (F = 16,930; p < 0,001), dan (3) Secara keseluruhan, kemandirian anak-anak yang menja di subjek penelitian berada pada tingkat sedang.

This study was intended to rev eal the extent of independency of preschool children aged 2.5 thru 4 years across family and preschool type. Seven different hypotheses were generated to test the difference in independency between children raised in nucleus and extended family as well as between those attending half day and full day preschool. Subjects were 60 children from play group Taruna Al Quran Lempongsari, play group Taruna Al Quran Minomartani, play group Budi Mulia Belimbingsari, play group Budi Mulia Seturan and preschool Ahsanu Amala, Lempongsari, Yogyakarta. Data were collected by administering Skala Kemandirian and Angket Keluarga. Supporting data were obtained from preschool’s documents. By means of two -way analysis of covariance, the following results were concluded: (1) Difference in independency between children from nucleus family and extended family type was not evident (F = 1,671; p = 0,202), (2) Children attending full day preschool showed a higher independency compared to those attending half day preschool (F = 16,930; p < 0,001), and (3) As a whole, children involved in the study can be classified as having moderate independency.

Kata Kunci : Psikologi Perkembangan,Kemandirian,Anak 2,5,4 Tahun,Tipe Keluarga, independency of preschool children aged 2,5 thru 4 years, family types, preschool types.