Manajemen Pemeliharaan Ayam Joper pada Kelompok Peternak Bina Sejahtera Manunggal di Kecamatan Sewon, Bantul

Dian Juanita Christiani, Dr. Ir. Heru Sasongko, M.P.

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan manajemen pemeliharaan ayam Joper pada Kelompok Peternak Bina Sejahtera Manunggal penerima Program Aspirasi DPRD Bantul 2025 serta hubungannya dengan performa produksi ternak. Subjek penelitian adalah 20 anggota kelompok dengan menggunakan metode sensus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner, dan pengukuran langsung di kandang. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif, analisis korelasi Spearman, serta analisis kualitatif menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Karakteristik peternak didominasi oleh laki-laki (90%), berada pada usia produktif, berpendidikan SMA (40%), dan memiliki pengalaman beternak lebih dari 10 tahun (40%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh peternak menerapkan sistem semi-intensif dengan kandang semi terbuka, sebanyak 70% peternak menggunakan litter, 73,7% menggunakan pakan campuran, dan tidak ada peternak yang melaksanakan vaksinasi. Performa produksi ayam Joper belum optimal, dengan rata-rata bobot akhir 718,90 g/ekor pada umur 61 hari, FCR kumulatif rata-rata 6,3, dan rata-rata mortalitas 15,2%, sehingga masih belum sesuai dengan acuan referensi. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dan pengalaman beternak tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (P>0,05) dengan seluruh indikator performa produksi ayam Joper. Variasi penerapan manajemen teknis ditemukan melalui observasi lapangan, namun hubungannya dengan performa produksi belum dianalisis secara statistik dalam penelitian ini. Dengan demikian, diperlukan standardisasi manajemen pemeliharaan melalui pendampingan teknis yang intensif dan berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas ayam Joper secara merata pada seluruh anggota kelompok. 

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of Joper chicken rearing management in the Bina Sejahtera Manunggal Farmer Group, which received support through the 2025 Bantul Regional House of Representatives Aspiration Program, and to examine its relationship with production performance. The research subjects consisted of 20 group members selected using a census method. Data were collected through direct observation, strustured interviews using questionnaires, and direct measurements in the rearing facilities. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis, Spearman rank correlation analysis, and qualitative analysis based on the Miles and Huberman model. The characteristics of the farmers were dominated by males (90%), farmers in the productive age group, farmers with senior high school education (40%), and farmers with more than 10 years of farming experince (40%). The results showed that all famers applied a semi-intensive system with semi-open housing, 70% of farmers did not use litter, 73,7% used mixed feed, and none of the farmers implemented vaccination. The production performance of Joper chickens was not yet optimal, as indicated by an average final body weight of 718,90 g/bird at 61 days of age, an average cumulative Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of 6.3, and an average mortality rate of 15.2%, which were still below the reference standards. The Spearman correlation test showed that education level and farming experience had no significant relationship (P>0.05) with all indicators of Joper chicken production performance. Variations in technical management practices were identified through field observations; however, their relationship with production performance was not statistically analyzed in this study. Therefore, standardization of rearing management through intensive and continuous technical assistance is required to improve Joper chicken productivity evenly among all group members.

Kata Kunci : Ayam Joper, Manajemen pemeliharaan, Performa produksi, Kelompok peternak, Program bantuan pemerintah daerah