Keberlanjutan Kelola Usaha Perhutanan Sosial pada Kelompok Tani Hutan Kemasyarakatan Sukobubuk Rejo di Kabupaten Pati Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Baldovino Babela Fakes, Slamet Riyanto, S.Hut., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Perhutanan sosial bertujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat melalui pemanfaatan hutan secara lestari. KTH Sukobubuk Rejo memiliki potensi ekonomi yang besar melalui usaha agroforestri, namun status keberlanjutan usahanya dari aspek ekonomi belum pernah dinilai secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan gambaran umum usaha perhutanan sosial di KTH Sukobubuk Rejo serta menganalisis status keberlanjutannya ditinjau dari aspek ekonomi. 

Penelitian dilaksanakan di KTH Sukobubuk Rejo, Kabupaten Pati, menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap 94 anggota KTH yang dipilih dengan random sampling dan tujuh pengurus inti yang dipilih secara purposive sampling, serta diperkuat melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Gambaran umum usaha dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan status keberlanjutan aspek ekonomi dinilai menggunakan teknik skoring berdasarkan sembilan indikator dan dikategorikan dengan Three Box Method. 

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan lahan dimanfaatkan untuk usaha pertanian berbasis agroforestri dengan berbagai komoditas MPTS dan tanaman semusim. Rata-rata pendapatan usaha mencapai Rp39.517.000 per hektar per tahun atau Rp3.293.083 per bulan, lebih tinggi daripada UMK Kabupaten Pati. Status keberlanjutan aspek ekonomi memperoleh total skor 20,53 dan termasuk kategori sedang. Enam indikator berada pada kategori tinggi, sedangkan tiga indikator masih berkategori rendah, yaitu fluktuasi harga komoditas, jangkauan pasar, dan pengolahan pascapanen. Ketiga indikator tersebut menjadi prioritas dalam upaya peningkatan keberlanjutan ekonomi usaha perhutanan sosial.

Social forestry aims to improve community welfare through the sustainable utilization of forest resources. The Sukobubuk Rejo Forest Farmer Group (KTH Sukobubuk Rejo) has considerable economic potential through agroforestry based enterprises. However, the economic sustainability of these enterprises has not yet been comprehensively assessed. This study aimed to describe the general characteristics of social forestry enterprises in KTH Sukobubuk Rejo and to analyze their sustainability status from an economic perspective. 

This study was conducted at KTH Sukobubuk Rejo, Pati Regency, using a quantitative descriptive approach. Primary data were collected through interviews with 94 KTH members selected using random sampling and seven core administrators selected through purposive sampling. The data collection was supported by field observations and documentation. The general characteristics of the enterprises were analyzed descriptively, while the economic sustainability status was evaluated using a scoring method based on nine indicators and classified using the Three Box Method. 

The results showed that the managed forest land is utilized for agroforestry based farming involving various Multi Purpose Tree Species (MPTS) and annual crops. The average farm income reached IDR 39,517,000 per hectare per year, equivalent to IDR 3,293,083 per month, which exceeds the minimum wage of Pati Regency. The economic sustainability assessment produced a total score of 20.53, indicating a moderately sustainable status. Six indicators were classified as high, while three indicators, namely commodity price fluctuations, market access, and postharvest processing, remained in the low category. These indicators should therefore be prioritized to improve the economic sustainability of social forestry enterprises.

Kata Kunci : agroforestri, aspek ekonomi, keberlanjutan usaha, kelompok tani hutan, perhutanan sosial.