Analisis Rantai Nilai Komoditas Jagung di Kawasan Hutan Dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) UGM Blora-Ngawi

Kayla Azzahra, Dr. Nafis Khuriyati, S.T.P., M.Agr. ; Dr. Novita Erma, S.T.P., M.P.

2026 | Skripsi | TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI PERTANIAN

Jagung (Zea mays) merupakan komoditas utama yang dibudidayakan di Kawasan Hutan dengan Tujuan Khusus (KHDTK) UGM Blora-Ngawi. Untuk mendukung pengelolaan komoditas tersebut, pengelola KHDTK UGM berencana membangun fasilitas pascapanen berupa gudang penyimpanan dan pengering jagung. Namun, informasi mengenai kondisi rantai nilai saat ini, distribusi nilai tambah, serta proyeksi perubahan setelah pembangunan fasilitas pascapanen belum tersedia sebagai dasar perencanaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis struktur dan aktivitas penciptaan nilai setiap pelaku, menghitung nilai tambah dan distribusi nilai tambah, serta menganalisis proyeksi perubahan rantai nilai dan distribusi nilai tambah setelah pembangunan fasilitas pascapanen di KHDTK UGM Blora–Ngawi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur. Analisis rantai nilai dilakukan menggunakan kerangka rantai nilai Porter, analisis nilai tambah dilakukan menggunakan metode Hayami termodifikasi, dan proyeksi kondisi setelah pembangunan fasilitas pascapanen disusun berdasarkan hasil benchmarking terhadap operasional gudang pengering jagung serupa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rantai nilai jagung melibatkan petani, tengkulak, dan pengelola gudang pengering. Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan petani, tengkulak, dan pengelola gudang pengering berturut-turut sebesar Rp16.712.652,00/ha, Rp952.593,00/hari, dan Rp68.775.158,00/batch. Berdasarkan perhitungan, distribusi nilai tambah didominasi oleh gudang pengering sebesar 79,56% sedangkan petani dan tengkulak memperoleh 18,11?n 1,10%. Pembangunan fasilitas pascapanen diproyeksikan memperpendek rantai nilai, meningkatkan nilai tambah petani menjadi Rp17.838.783,00/ha, serta meningkatkan distribusi nilai tambah petani menjadi 23,90%.

Corn (Zea mays) is the main commodity cultivated in the Gadjah Mada University Special Purpose Forest Area (KHDTK) Blora-Ngawi. To support the management of this commodity. The KHDTK UGM management plans to establish post-harvest facilities consisting of a storage warehouse and a corn dryer. However, information regarding the current value chain, value-added distribution, and the projected changes following the development of post-harvest facilities is not yet available as a basis for planning. This study aimed to analyze the structure and value-creating activities of each actor, calculate the value-added and its distribution, and project changes in the value chain and value-added distribution following the development of post-harvest facilities at KHDTK UGM Blora-Ngawi. This study employed qualitative and quantitative descriptive approaches. Primary and secondary data were collected through interviews, observations, and literature review. Value chain analysis was conducted using Porter’s value chain framework, value-added analysis was performed using the modified Hayami method, and projections of post-harvest conditions were developed based on benchmarking results from the operation of a comparable corn drying facility. The results show that the corn value chain involves farmers, collectors, and drying warehouses operators. The value added generated by farmers, collectors, and maize drying warehouses amounted to IDR16,712,652,00/ha, IDR952,593.00/day, and IDR68,775,158.00/batch, respectively. Based on value added share analysis, the distribution of value added was dominated by drying warehouse operators, accounting for 79.56%, while farmers and collectors accounted for 18.11% and 1.10%, respectively. The proposed postharvest facilities are projected to shorten the value chain, increase farmers value added to IDR18,838,738.00/ha, and raise farmers share of value added to 23.90%. 

Kata Kunci : fasilitas pascapanen, Hayami termodifikasi, jagung, kerangka Porter, nilai tambah