Analisis Pendapatan Nelayan Bubu Lipat di Desa Bojongsana Kecamatan Suradadi Kabupaten Tegal

Annisa Nurrohmah, Candra Aryudiawan, S.Pi., M.sc.

2026 | Skripsi | MANAJ. SUMBER DAYA PERIKANAN

Nelayan merupakan kelompok masyarakat pesisir yang  rentan terhadap kemiskinan akibat fluktuatifnya pendapatan dari kegiatan penangkapan ikan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan nelayan bubu lipat serta mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan strategi peningkatan pendapatan nelayan di Desa Bojongsana, Kecamatan Suradadi, Kabupaten Tegal. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada Januari hingga Februari 2026, sehingga menggambarkan kondisi terkini dilapangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penentuan sampel menggunaakan metode sensus terhadap seluruh populasi nelayan rajungan aktif yang berjumlah 44 orang yang menghasilkan gambaran utuh seluruh nelayan di Desa Bojongsana. Analisis data mencakup analisis biaya, penerimaan, keuntungan, serta identifikasi permasalahan menggunakan metode Root Cause Analysis (RCA) dengan instrumen 5 whys. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata biaya investasi yang  dikeluarkan nelayan mencapai Rp56.609.547/unit usaha, dengan biaya total operasional per tahun sebesar Rp67.430.730/tahun Penerimaan rata-rata nelayan mencapai Rp166.789.496/tahun, diperoleh keuntungan bersih rata-rata sebesar Rp64.298.487/tahun atau setara Rp5.358.207/bulan. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi nelayan meliputi kondisi cuaca ekstrem, kualitas sumber daya msnusia (SDM), terbatasnya akses pasar, potensi konflik antar nelayan, dan tingginya biaya operasional. Usaha penangkapan rajungan dengan alat tangkap bubu lipat di Desa Bojongsana secara ekonomi masih layak dijalankan, namun memerlukan strategi peningkatan pendapatan melalui diversifikasi pekerjaan, pelatihan keterampilan, pengaktifan TPI, serta pembelian umpan secara kolektif.

Fishermen are a coastal community group that is vulnerable to poverty due to the fluctuating income from fishing activities. This study aims to analyze the income of fishermen using folding traps and to identify problems and strategies for increasing fishermen’s income in Bojongsana Village, Suradadi Subdistrict, Tegal Regency. Data collection was conducted from January to February 2026, thereby reflecting the current conditions in the field. The research method used was descriptive, employing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Sampling was conducted using a census method on the entire population of active mud crab fishermen, totaling 44 individuals, which provided a comprehensive picture of all fishermen in Bojongsana Village. Data analysis included an analysis of costs, revenue, and profits, as well as the identification of problems using the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) method with the “5 Whys” technique. The results show that the average investment cost incurred by fishermen reached Rp56,609,547/business unit, with total annual operating costs amounting to Rp67,430,730/year. Average annual revenue reached Rp166,789,496, yielding an average nett profit of Rp64,298,487/year, or the equivalent of Rp5,358,207/month. The main problems faced by fishermen include extreme weather conditions, the quality of human resources, limited market access, potential conflicts among fishermen, and high operating costs. The mud crab fishing business using folding traps in Bojongsana Village remains economically viable, but requires strategies to increase income through job diversification, skills training, the activation of the fish landing site (TPI), and the collective purchase of bait.

Kata Kunci : Nelayan bubu lipat, Analisis Pendapatan, Rajungan, Root Cause Analysis (RCA), Strategi peningkatan pendapatan.