Pengaruh Distraksi Musik terhadap Kecemasan Dental Saat Ekstraksi Gigi dengan Anestesi Topikal pada Anak Usia 6-8 Tahun (Kajian dengan Parameter Fisiologis di Puskesmas Klaten Tengah)

Jovanka Cindy Puspita Sari, drg. Ignatius Sulistyo Jatmiko, M.Kes., Sp. KGA ; drg. Shoimah Alfa Makmur, MDSc., Sp. KGA

2026 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN GIGI

Kecemasan dental merupakan respon emosional berupa rasa cemas dan takut berlebihan terhadap perawatan gigi dan mulut. Prosedur ekstraksi gigi desidui dengan anestesi topikal menjadi penyebab utama kecemasan dental pada anak usia 6-8 tahun. Distraksi musik menjadi salah satu metode manajemen perilaku nonfarmakologis yang murah dan mudah diterapkan untuk mengalihkan perhatian anak dari rasa cemas selama tindakan dental saat ekstraksi gigi dengan anestesi topikal pada anak usia 6-8 tahun di Puskesmas Klaten Tengah.

Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain kuasi eksperimental Prestest and Posttes Control Group Design. Subjek berjumlah 24 anak usia 6-8 tahun yang diperoleh melalui purposive sampling. Subjek dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (tanpa musik) dan kelompok perlakuan (distraksi musik instrumental soundtrack film kartun menggunakan headphone). Kecemasan dental diukur menggunakan parameter fisiologis denyut nadi dengan pulse oximeter sebanyak dua kali, yaitu saat di ruang tunggu dan sesaat tindakan ekstraksi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Paired T-test dan Independent T-test.

Kelompok perlakuan mengalami penurunan denyut nadi (p=0,003), sedangkan kelompok kontrol mengalami peningkatan (p=0,008). Perbedaan antara kedua kelompok bermakna secara statistik (p<0>

Dental anxiety is defined as an emotional of excessive fear and worry related to dental treatment. Primary tooth extraction under topical anesthesia is considered the main cause of dental anxiety in children aged 6-8 years. Music distraction is regarded as a nonpharmacological behavior management technique that is inexpensive and easily applied to divert children's attention from anxiety during the procedure. This study was conducted to determined the effect of music distraction on dental anxiety during primary tooth extraction with topical anesthesia in children aged 6-8 years at Puskesmas Klaten Tengah.

A quantitative study with a quasi-experimental Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design was conducted. Twenty-four children aged 6-8 years were recruited using purposive sampling and divided into a control (without music) and a treatment group (given instrumental cartoon soundtrack music through headphones). Dental anxiety was measured using pulse rate via pulse oximeter, recorded twice: in the waiting room and during extraction. Data were analyzed using the Paired T-test and Independent T-test.

A decrease in pulse rate was found in the treatment group (p=0,003), while an increase was found in the control group (p=0,008). The difference between groups was statistically significant (p<0>

Kata Kunci : anak usia 6-8 tahun, distraksi musik, kecemasan dental, ekstraksi gigi desidui, denyut nadi