Strategi Pengelolaan Mangrove Berbasis Masyarakat di Dukuh Tambak Gojoyo, Desa Wedung, Kecamatan Wedung, Kabupaten Demak

Andini Cahya Alifiany, Dr. Ir. Wiyono, S. Hut. M.Si. IPU

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 PENGELOLAAN HUTAN

Ekosistem mangrove di wilayah pesisir berperan penting secara ekologis maupun ekonomis, namun menghadapi tekanan akibat perubahan penggunaan lahan dan aktivitas manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi kelola kawasan, kelembagaan, serta usaha, serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan mangrove berbasis masyarakat di Dukuh Tambak Gojoyo, Desa Wedung, Kecamatan Wedung, Kabupaten Demak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi yang selanjutnya diuji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi sumber. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan SWOT kualitatif (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) dan strateginya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan mangrove dilakukan pada status luar kawasan hutan berupa Areal Penggunaan Lain (APL) seluas 93,14 ha dengan sistem silvofishery. Kondisi vegetasi didominasi oleh kategori mangrove jarang, yang menunjukkan masih adanya degradasi ekosistem. Kelembagaan pengelolaan telah terbentuk melalui Kelompok Tani Onggojoyo Jaya dan KMPM Sumber Makmur yang memiliki legalits formal serta kemitraan dengan berbagai pihak, namun masih terdapat keterbatasan kapasitas teknis, pemanfaatan teknologi, serta hubungan dengan pemerintah desa yang belum optimal. Usaha masyarakat bergantung pada sektor tambak dengan potensi pengembangan pembibitan mangrove dan diversifikasi produk berbasis mangrove, meskipun belum berkembang secara maksimal. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT, strategi pengelolaan diarahkan pada penetapan kawasan, penguatan kelembagaan, peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat, optimalisasi kemitraan, serta pengembangan usaha berbasis mangrove melalui pendekatan silvofishery. Pendekatan kolaboratif dan adaptif diperlukan dalam menghadapi berbagai ancaman seperti abrasi, perubahan kebijakan, serta gangguan biotik dan abiotik. Strategi ini diharapkan mampu mendukung keberlanjutan ekologis dan kesejahteraan masyarakat pesisir.

Mangrove ecosystems in coastal areas has a vital role both ecologically and economically, yet they face pressures due to land-use changes and human activities. This study aims to assess the current state of area management, institutional frameworks, and community initiatives, as well as to formulate a community-based mangrove management strategy in Dukuh Tambak Gojoyo, Wedung Village, Wedung Subdistrict, Demak Regency. The research method employed was qualitative descriptive, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and document analysis, with data validity tested through methodological triangulation and source triangulation. Data analysis was conducted using a qualitative SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) approach and its corresponding strategies. The research results indicate that mangrove management is conducted in an area outside the forest zone classified as Other Land Use (APL) spanning 93.143 ha using a silvofishery system. Vegetation conditions are dominated by the sparse mangrove category, indicating ongoing ecosystem degradation. Management institutions have been established through the Onggojoyo Jaya Farmers’ Group and the Sumber Makmur Mangrove Management Group (KMPM), which possess formal legal status and partnerships with various stakeholders; however, there remain limitations in technical capacity, technology utilization, and suboptimal relations with the village government. Community livelihoods rely on the aquaculture sector, with potential for mangrove seedling propagation and mangrove-based product diversification, though these have not yet developed to their full potential. Based on a SWOT analysis, management strategies are directed toward delineation area, institutional strengthening, community capacity building, optimizing partnerships, and developing mangrove-based enterprises through a silvofishery approach. A collaborative and adaptive approach is necessary to address various threats such as coastal erosion, policy changes, and biotic and abiotic disturbances. This strategy is expected to support the sustainability of ecological functions and improve the well-being of coastal communities.

Kata Kunci : Strategi, Mangrove, Pengelolaan Berbasis Masyarakat, SWOT