Estimasi dinamika populasi dan potensi Sapi Bali di Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

AMINUDIN, Asis, Prof.Dr.Ir. Nono Ngadiyono, MS

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi dan potensi sapi Bali di Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara juga ditujukan untuk mencari model persamaan regresi pendugaan bobot badan berdasarkan ukuran tubuh. Dilaksanakan didua kabupaten, tiap kabupaten diambil tiga kecamatan, tiap kecamatan diambil tiga desa sebagai sampel masing-masing berdasarkan struktur populasi. Tiap desa sampel diambil masing-masing 10 responden. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan rata-rata dan standar deviasi, dinamika populasi dianalisis dengan time series, potensi sapi Bali diestimasi dengan teori pemuliabiakan ternak, hubungan antara bobot badan dengan ukuran tubuh dianalisis dengan regresi ganda menggunakan SPSS 12 metode stepwise, sedangkan pendugaan bobot badan berdasarkan ukuran tubuh menggunakan rumus Schoorl dan Djagra. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata umur peternak 46,83 ± 10,56 tahun, pendidikan peternak sebesar 44,83 % tamat SMU dan sederajat, pengalaman beternak 10,03 ± 5,24 tahun, dengan tujuan beternak untuk tabungan. Komposisi sapi Bali di Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara jantan dan betina masing-masing 36,79 % dan 63,21 %, rata-rata pemilikan sapi per peternak 5,05 unit ternak, tingkat kematian sebesar 4,50 % terhadap populasi, mutasi ternak terbesar pada sapi dewasa sebesar 54,83 %, nilai efisiensi reproduksi 82,88 %, natural increase 25,30 %, net replacement rate jantan 249,32 % dan betina 168,55 %, potensi sebesar 25,06 % dari populasi, dalam kurun waktu tahun 2000 sampai 2004 terjadi penurunan populasi tiap tahun rata-rata 7,42 % mengikuti persamaan regresi Y = 291.173 – 19.874 X sehingga dapat diestimasi pada tahun 2009 populasi sapi Bali di Propinsi Sulawesi Tenggara sekitar 92.433 ekor dengan potensi sebesar 23.164 ekor. Bobot badan dan lingkar dada sapi Bali siap potong di RPH Kota Kendari menunjukkan hubungan yang erat mengikuti persamaan regresi masing-masing jantan Y = -394.101 + 4.150 X dengan koefisien korelasi 0,854, koefisien determinasi 0,730, betina Y = - 873.618 + 7.612 X1dengan koefisien korelasi 0,944, koefisien determinasi 0,892. Pendugaan bobot badan menggunakan rumus Schoorl membutuhkan faktor koreksi pada jantan dan betina sebesar -22,54 % dan -11,72 % sedangkan rumus Djagra membutuhkan faktor koreksi 4,02 % untuk jantan dan 17,70 % untuk betina.

This research was conducted to investigate the population dynamics and potency of Bali cattle in South East Sulawesi Province and to get the regression equation model fathoming of body weight based on body size. The research carried out in two regency, every taken by three sub district, every sub district taken by three village as sample of each appropriate of population structure. Every village sample taken by each 10 respondent, population dynamics analyzed by time series, the potency of Bali cattle estimated with the breeding livestock theory, and the correlation between body weigh with body size analyzed with fold regression used SPSS 12 stepwise method, while formation of body weight based on the body size used Schoorl and Djagra formula. The result of research showed that mean old age the breeder was 46.83 ± 10.56 year, breeder education showed 44.83 % graduated of senior high school or the some degree, breeder experience was 10.03 ± 5.24 year. with the breeding purpose for saving. The composition of Bali cattle in South East Sulawesi Province, male and female each 36.79 % and 63.21 %, mean of ownership of cattle each breeder 5.05 livestock unit, level of death equal to 4.50 % of the population, biggest livestock mutation on adult cattle equal to 54.83 %, efficiency value reproduced 82.88 %, natural increase 25.30 %. male net replacement rate 249.32 % and female 168.55 %, potency equal to 25.06 % from population. during the 2000 until 2004 year. happened the population degradation every year mean 7.42 % following regression equation Y = 291.173 – 19.874 X so that could be estimated in the 2009 year. population of Bali cattle in South East Sulawesi Province about 92,433 tail with the potency equal to 23,164 tail. Body weight and circumference of chest Bali cattle ready to cut in abattoir Kendari city following the regression of each male Y = - 394,101 + 4,150 X1 with the correlation coefficient 0.854. determination coefficient 0.730. female Y = - 873,618 + 7,612 X1 with correlation coefficient 0.944. determination coefficient 0.892, fathoming of body weight used Schoorl formula required the correction factor on male and female equal to -22.54 % and -11.72 % while Djagra factor required correction factor 4.02 % for male and 17.70 % for female.

Kata Kunci : Sapi Bali,Populasi dan Potensi,Bali Cattle, Population Dynamics and Potency