Analisis Teknis dan Usaha Budi Daya Semi Intensif Udang Vaname (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) di Kampung Bumi Dipasena Abadi Kecamatan Rawajitu Timur Kabupaten Tulang Bawang

Qudwah Idzharulhaq Azaky, Dr. Susilo Budi Priyono, S.Pi., M.Si.

2026 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan teknis dan usaha budi daya semi intensif udang vaname (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) di Kampung Bumi Dipasena Abadi, Kecamatan Rawajitu Timur, Kabupaten Tulang Bawang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik snowball sampling. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner terhadap 30 pembudidaya aktif. Analisis teknis meliputi persiapan tambak, penebaran benur, manajemen pakan, manajemen kualitas udara, manajemen kesehatan udang, dan panen. Analisis usaha meliputi perhitungan biaya tetap, variabel biaya, total biaya, pendapatan, pendapatan, Break Even Point (BEP), dan Revenue/Cost (R/C) Ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budi daya semi intensif udang vaname dilakukan pada tambak seluas rata-rata 2.000 m². Kepadatan tebar berkisar 15–45 ekor/m² dengan rata-rata 25 ekor/m² menggunakan benur ukuran PL-10 hingga PL-12, serta lama pemeliharaan 68–120 hari dengan rata-rata 88 hari. Produksi udang berkisar 1.075–5.000 kg/ha/siklus dengan rata-rata 2.525 kg/ha/siklus, sintasan (survival rate) rata-rata 64%, dan nilai Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) rata-rata 1,35. Hasil analisis usaha menunjukkan rata-rata biaya total sebesar Rp16.168.844 per siklus, dengan rata-rata penerimaan Rp27.531.663 dan pendapatan Rp 11.362.818 per siklus. Nilai Revenue/Cost (R/C) Ratio rata-rata sebesar 1,7 menunjukkan bahwa usaha budi daya udang vaname layak dan menguntungkan, sedangkan nilai Break Even Point (BEP) harga rata-rata sebesar Rp32.890/kg dan BEP produksi rata-rata 301,5 kg menunjukkan bahwa masih berada di atas titik impas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, budi daya semi intensif udang vaname di Kampung Bumi Dipasena Abadi layak secara teknis dan ekonomis untuk dijalankan dan dikembangkan.

This study aimed to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of semi intensive farming of whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) in Kampung Bumi Dipasena Abadi, Rawajitu Timur District, Tulang Bawang Regency. A quantitative descriptive method was employed using a snowball sampling technique. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and questionnaires involving 30 active shrimp farmers. Technical analysis covered pond preparation, post-larvae stocking, feed management, water quality management, shrimp health management, and harvesting. Economic feasibility was evaluated through fixed costs, variable costs, total costs, revenue, income, Break Even Point (BEP), and Revenue/Cost (R/C) Ratio analyses. The results showed that semi intensive shrimp farming was conducted in ponds with an average area of 2,000 m². Stocking density ranged from 15 to 45 shrimp/m², with an average of 25 shrimp/m² using PL-10 to PL-12 post-larvae, while the culture period ranged from 68 to 120 days with an average of 88 days. Shrimp production ranged from 1,075 to 5,000 kg/ha/cycle, averaging 2,525 kg/ha/cycle, with an average survival rate of 64% and a Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of 1.35. The economic analysis indicated an average total production cost of IDR 16,168,844 per production cycle, average revenue of IDR 27,531,663, and average income of IDR 11,362,818 per cycle. The average R/C Ratio of 1.7 indicated that the farming operation was profitable and economically feasible, while the average BEP values of IDR 32,890/kg and 301.5 kg of production demonstrated that production exceeded the break-even point. Therefore, semi intensive whiteleg shrimp farming in Kampung Bumi Dipasena Abadi is technically and economically feasible and has strong potential for further development.

Kata Kunci : udang vaname, analisis teknis, analisis usaha, budi daya semi intensif