Penelitian mengenai preparasi katalis NiMo/ZSM-5 tereduksi asam sitrat atau NaBH? dengan bantuan gelombang ultrosonik untuk hydrotreatment minyak nyamplung menjadi bioavtur telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh variasi reduktor asam sitrat atau NaBH? terhadap aktivitas hydrotreatment minyak nyamplung dan uji penggunaan berulang. Preparasi katalis NiMo/ZSM-5 menggunakan prekursor nikel (II) fosfat dari limbah baterai Li-NMC dan ammonium molibdat dilakukan dengan impregnasi kering teknik semprot dengan berbantuan ultrasonikator. Katalis ZSM-5 kemudian dikalsinasi dengan gas N? selama 3 jam pada temperatur 500 ?C. Katalis NiMo/ZSM-5 direduksi menggunakan asam sitrat atau NaBH4 menghasilkan katalis NiMo/ZSM-5(CA) dan NiMo/ZSM-5(NaBH?) yang kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan XRD, FTIR,SEM-EDX, NH3-TPD, SAA, dan XPS. Uji aktivitas dari kedua katalis dilakukan untuk dengan reaktor stainless steal semi-batch dengan pemanas ganda. Proses hydrotreatment minyak nyamplung dilakukan pada rentang temperatur 200-600 ?C dengan kenaikan 20 ?C dan dialiri gas H? dengan laju alir 20 mL menit?¹. Produk cair dari proses hydrotreatment kemudian dianalisis menggunakan FTIR dan GC-MS.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis NiMo/ZSM-5(CA) dan NiMo/ZSM-5(NaBH?) masing-masing memiliki kristalinitas sebesar 35,02?n 40,20%; rerata ukuran kristal sebesar 15,54 nm dan 19,17 nm; luas permukaan spesifik 238,8 m²g?¹; volume pori total 0,202 cm³ g?¹ dan 0,214 cm³ g?¹; rerata diameter pori 3,700 dan 5,390 nm, serta keasaman total sebesar 2,969 dan 3,500 mmol g?¹. Konversi produk cair, selektivitas dan yield bioavtur tertinggi dihasilkan oleh katalis NiMo/ZSM-5(NaBH?) berturut-turut sebesar 45,7%; 81,36%; dan 37,18%.
Kata kunci : bioavtur, hydrotreatment, minyak nyamplung, NaBH?, ZSM-5
A study on the preparation of a NiMo metal catalyst supported on ZSM-5 for the hydrocracking of nyamplung oil into biojet fuel have been carried out. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of variations in the NaBH? and citric acid reductants on the hydrocracking activity of nyamplung oil and to test the catalyst’s durability. The preparation of the NiMo/ZSM-5 catalyst using nickel (II) phosphate precursors derived from Li-NMC battery waste and ammoinium molybdate was carried out via dry impregnation asissted by an ultrasonicator. The ZSM-5 catalyst was then calcined with N? gas for 3 hours at 500 ?C. The NiMo/ZSM-5 catalyst was reduced using NaBH? and citric acid to produce the NiMo/ZSM-5(CA) and NiMo/ZSM-5(NaBH?) catalysts, which were subsequently characterised by XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, NH?-TPD, SAA, and XPS. Activity tests of both catalysts were conducted using a semi-batch stainless steel reactor with a double heater. The hydrocracking of nyamplung oil was carried out in the temperature range of 200–600 ?C in 20 ?C increments, with a hydrogen gas flow
rate of 20 mL/min. The liquid products from the hydrocracking process were subsequently analysed by FTIR and GC-MS.
The results of the study show that the NiMo/ZSM-5(CA) and NiMo/ZSM-5(NaBH4) catalysts have crystallinities of 35.02% and 40.20%, respectively; average crystal sizes of 15.54 and 19.17 nm; specific surface areas of 238.8 and 268.8 m² g?¹; total pore volumes of 0.214 cm³ g?¹; average pore diameters of 1.795 and 2.695 nm; and total acidities of 2,969 and 3,509 mmol g?¹. The highest liquid product conversion, selectivity and biofuel yield were produced by the NiMo/ZSM-5(NaBH4) catalyst, at 45.7%, 81.36% and 37.18% respectively.
Keywords : biofuel, hydrocracking, NaBH?, nyamplung oil, ZSM-5
Kata Kunci :
biofuel, hydrotreatment, NaBH?, nyamplung oil, ZSM-5
