PREPARASI KATALIS NiFe/?-Al2O3 TEREDUKSI GAS H2 ATAU NaBH4 UNTUK HYDROTREATMENT MINYAK LARVA BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia illucens) MENJADI BIOAVTUR

Aulia Dian Safitri, Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U. ; Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D.Eng.

2026 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Preparasi katalis NiFe/?-Al2O3 dengan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik untuk proses hydrotreatment minyak larva Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) menjadi bioavtur telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh reduksi H2 dan NaBH4 terhadap kinerja katalis serta menganalisis reusabilitas katalis dalam proses hydrotreatment minyak larva BSF menjadi bioavtur. Impregnasi katalis dilakukan dengan menyemprotkan prekursor logam Ni dan Fe ke ?-Al2O3 dilanjutkan ultrasonikasi. Katalis dikalsinasi dengan gas N2 pada temperatur 500 °C kemudian direduksi dengan gas H2 atau NaBH4. Karakterisasi katalis menggunakan instrumen XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, NH3-TPD, dan XPS. Aktivitas kedua katalis diuji melalui proses hydrotreatment minyak larva BSF dalam reaktor stainless steel semi-batch dengan pemanas ganda pada rentang temperatur 100–600 °C dengan kenaikan 25 °C serta laju alir gas H2 20 mL menit-1. Produk cair dianalisis dengan GC-MS dan FTIR sementara spent katalis dianalisis dengan SEM-EDX.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik katalis NiFe/?-Al2O3/H2 dan NiFe/?-Al2O3/NaBH4 secara berturut-turut memiliki kandungan logam Ni sebesar 7,38 dan 6,61%, logam Fe sebesar 4,55 dan 1,76?ngan spesies logam Ni, NiO, Fe2O3, dan Fe3O4, serta keasaman 1,5021 dan 2,0931 mmol g-1. Total konversi dan selektivitas terbaik diberikan katalis NiFe/?-Al2O3/NaBH4 mencapai 33,87 dan 84,98% sementara NiFe/?-Al2O3/H2 hanya 21,16 dan 82,54%. Katalis NiFe/?-Al2O3/NaBH4 menunjukkan stabilitas relatif stabil setelah pemakaian berulang sebanyak tiga kali dengan total konversi dan selektivitas 31,89 dan 83,53% untuk reuse 2 serta 25,65 dan 82,95% untuk reuse 3. 

Preparation of NiFe/?-Al2O3 catalyst with the help of ultrasonic waves for the hydrotreatment process of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil into  bioavtur has been carried out. This study aims to study the effect of H2 and NaBH4 reduction on catalyst performance and analyze the reusability of the catalyst in the hydrotreatment process of Black Soldier Fly larvae oil into bioavtur. Catalyst impregnation was carried out by spraying Ni and Fe metal precursors onto ?-Al2O3 followed by ultrasonication. The catalyst was calcined with N2 gas at a temperature of 500 °C then reduced with H2 or NaBH4. Catalyst characterization used XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, NH3-TPD, and XPS instruments. The activity of both catalysts was tested through the hydrotreatment of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larval oil in a semi-batch stainless steel reactor with double heaters at a temperature range of 100-600°C with a 25°C increment and a H2 gas flow rate of 20 mL.min-1. The liquid product was analyzed by GC-MS and FTIR, while the spent catalyst was analyzed by SEM-EDX. 

The results showed that the NiFe/?-Al2O3/H2 and NiFe/?-Al2O3/NaBH4 catalysts had Ni metal contents of 7.38 and 6.61%, Fe metal contents of 4.55 and 1.76%, respectively, with Ni, NiO, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4 metal species, and acidity of 1.5021 and 2.0931 mmol g-1, respectively. The best total conversion and selectivity for the NiFe/?-Al2O3/NaBH4 catalyst reached 33.87 and 84.98%, respectively, while NiFe/?-Al2O3/H2 only achieved 21.16 and 82.54%. The NiFe/?-Al2O3/NaBH4 catalyst showed relatively stable stability after three repeated uses with total conversion and selectivity of 31.89 and 83.53% for reuse 2 and 25.65 and 82.95% for reuse 3. 

Kata Kunci : bioavtur, hydrotreatment, katalis NiFe/?-Al2O3, minyak larva BSF, NaBH4, reduksi