Kinerja Pengendalian Proportional Integral Derivative Pada Unit Reaksi dan Separasi Produksi Vinil Asetat Berbasis CODESYS

Felda Shofwa Lafedika Aditya, Dr.-Ing. Ir. Awang Noor Indra Wardana, S.T., M.T., M.Sc., IPM.; Ir. Ester Wijayanti, M.T., IPM.

2026 | Skripsi | FISIKA TEKNIK

Pengendalian proses berperan penting dalam menjaga kestabilan operasi industri kimia, termasuk pada proses produksi vinil asetat yang memiliki dinamika kompleks dan saling terhubung antarunit. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan menganalisis sistem pengendalian proses produksi vinil asetat berbasis CODESYS pada unit vaporizer, reaktor, feed-effluent heat exchanger, separator, dan kompresor. Sistem pengendalian menggunakan metode proportional integral derivative yang diintegrasikan dengan plant simulator dan monitoring berbasis Python melalui komunikasi Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture dua arah secara real-time. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menguji respons sistem terhadap perubahan setpoint dan gangguan. Kinerja sistem dianalisis berdasarkan waktu penetapan, galat keadaan tunak, integral nilai mutlak galat, dan integral kuadrat galat. Variabel yang diuji meliputi suhu, tekanan, dan level untuk menilai kecepatan respons, akurasi, serta kestabilan sistem pengendalian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian mampu menjaga kestabilan variabel proses dengan deviasi akhir yang kecil. Pada uji gangguan, respons tercepat ditunjukkan oleh suhu separator dengan waktu penetapan sekitar 2 detik dan galat keadaan tunak sebesar 0,00056 °C. Respons paling lambat terjadi pada suhu feed-effluent heat exchanger dengan waktu penetapan sekitar 46 detik dan galat keadaan tunak sebesar 0,054 °C. Pada unit lain, waktu penetapan berada pada rentang 3-36 detik, dengan galat keadaan tunak terbesar pada suhu reaktor sebesar 1,031 °C. Secara keseluruhan, sistem berbasis CODESYS, Python, dan komunikasi Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture mampu bekerja stabil dalam merespons perubahan setpoint maupun gangguan, meskipun reaktor dan feed-effluent heat exchanger masih memerlukan optimasi parameter kontrol lebih lanjut.

Process control plays an important role in maintaining operational stability in the chemical industry, including in vinyl acetate production, which has complex dynamics and interconnected process units. This research aims to design and analyze a CODESYS-based process control system for vinyl acetate production in the vaporizer, reactor, feed-effluent heat exchanger, separator, and compressor units. The control system applies the proportional integral derivative method integrated with a Python-based plant simulator and monitoring system through real-time two-way Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture communication. The research was conducted by testing the system response to setpoint changes and disturbances. The control performance was analyzed based on settling time, steady-state error, integral absolute error, and integral square error. The tested variables included temperature, pressure, and level to evaluate the response speed, accuracy, and stability of the control system. The results show that the control system was able to maintain the stability of process variables with small final deviations. In the disturbance test, the fastest response was shown by the separator temperature, with a settling time of approximately 2 seconds and a steady-state error of 0.00056 °C. The slowest response occurred in the feed-effluent heat exchanger temperature, with a settling time of approximately 46 seconds and a steady-state error of 0.054 °C. In the other units, the settling time ranged from 3 to 36 seconds, with the largest steady-state error occurring in the reactor temperature at 1.031 °C. Overall, the system based on CODESYS, Python, and Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture communication was able to operate stably in responding to setpoint changes and disturbances, although the reactor and feed-effluent heat exchanger still require further optimization of control parameters.

Kata Kunci : Vinil asetat, CODESYS, pengendalian proportional integral derivative, Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture, plant simulator, monitoring real-time