Analisis Anomali Termal Gunung Lewotobi Laki-laki Berbasis Citra Landsat-8, Landsat-9, dan Sentinel-2 Sebagai Pendukung Mitigasi Bencana Gunung Api
Ekasatria Ramafian, Dr.rer.nat.Ir. Herlan Darmawan, S.Si., M.Sc.
2026 | Skripsi | GEOFISIKA
Mount Lewotobi Laki-laki is an active volcano located in East Flores Re-gency that exhibited a significant increase in volcanic activity during the 2024–2025 period. Volcanic materials erupted to the surface were indicated to carry high thermal energy which led to triggering spatially measurable thermal anoma-lies. This study aim to analyze these thermal anomalies and the distribution of volcanic materials through an integrated multi-sensor data approach as an act of volcanic hazard mitigation. The methodology involves extracting Land Surface Temperature (LST) from Landsat-8 and 9 OLI-TIRS imagery, alongside hotspot identification and materials deposit mapping using the Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) channels of Sentinel-2 MSI.
A multitemporal analysis was conducted covering the period from August 2023 to February 2026. The results demonstrate a significant increased in surface temperature during the primary eruption phase in November 2024, with maxi-mum temperatures reached 94.1°C in the crater area and 69.6°C on the volcanic slopes. The extent of lava deposits reached a maximum of 20.79 km² by April 2025, with a dominant flow direction toward the north-northwest and west sec-tors, governed by valley morphology. This volcanic material extended 3.5–4 km to the northeast across Nurri Village, 2.5–3 km to the north toward Dulipali Vil-lage, and 1.8–2.3 km to the west, reached the settlements of Klatanlo Village and Hokeng Jaya Village. Furthermore, volcanic activity caused widespread vegeta-tion degradation, evidenced by a decline in the Normalized Difference Vegeta-tion Index (NDVI) to values as low as -0.4. This research highlights that the in-tegration of Landsat and Sentinel-2 data is effective in representing the spatial and temporal dynamics of volcanic activity. These findings are intended to pro-vide a scientific basis for strengthening early warning systems and disaster miti-gation strategies in the Mount Lewotobi Laki-laki region.
Kata Kunci : Gunung Lewotobi Laki-laki, Land Surface Temperature, anomali termal, Landsat-8 dan 9, Sentinel-2, Mitigasi bencana, Gunung Api.