28,82°C). Distribusi LST menunjukkan tren peningkatan sepanjang periode pengamatan 2001–2025. Pada tahun 2001, rata-rata suhu tercatat sebesar 24,68°C (kelas rendah), kemudian meningkat menjadi 26,95°C (kelas sedang) pada 2007, 27,10°C (kelas sedang) pada 2013, 27,41°C (kelas sedang) pada 2019, dan mencapai 28,24°C (kelas sedang) pada 2025. Nilai rata-rata LST terendah sepanjang lima tahun pengamatan adalah 24,68°C pada tahun 2001, sementara rata-rata tertinggi adalah 28,24°C pada tahun 2025. Kecamatan Klaten Utara dan Kecamatan Kemalang secara berturut-turut tercatat sebagai wilayah dengan rata-rata LST tertinggi (28,54°C) dan terendah (24,06°C) sepanjang tahun pengamatan. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi linier sederhana, NDVI memiliki pengaruh cukup kuat terhadap LST yakni 94,6% yang menunjukkan arah hubungan yang tidak searah. Sedangkan NDBI memiliki pengaruh 86,2% terhadap LST yang menunjukkan hubungan searah.  Klaten Regency, located strategically between two major cities, Surakarta and Yogyakarta, serves as a hub for the "Joglosemar" (Jogja-Solo-Semarang) economic route. This strategic location has driven land conversion from agricultural or vegetated areas to built-up areas. Furthermore, the construction of toll road infrastructure has significantly converted rice fields, necessitating spatial and temporal analysis to understand the distribution and dynamics of land surface temperature in Klaten Regency. This study aims to map the spatio-temporal distribution of land surface temperature (LST) in Klaten Regency from 2001 to 2025 and analyze the influence of the building index (NDBI) and vegetation index (NDVI) on LST. LST extraction uses Landsat Top of Atmosphere (TOA) imagery during the dry season (April to October) using the Single Channel Algorithm. LST values ??were grouped into four categories: very low (? 23.95°C), low (23.95–24.92°C), moderate (24.92–28.82°C), and high (>28.82°C). The LST distribution showed an increasing trend throughout the observation period 2001–2025. In 2001, the average temperature was recorded at 24.68°C (low class), then increased to 26.95°C (moderate class) in 2007, 27.10°C (moderate class) in 2013, 27.41°C (moderate class) in 2019, and reached 28.24°C (moderate class) in 2025. The lowest average LST value throughout the five years of observation was 24.68°C in 2001, while the highest average was 28.24°C in 2025. North Klaten District and Kemalang District were respectively recorded as the areas with the highest (28.54°C) and lowest (24.06°C) average LST throughout the observation years. Based on the results of a simple linear regression test, NDVI has a fairly strong effect on LST, at 94.6%, indicating a non-directional relationship. Meanwhile, NDBI has an 86.2?fect on LST, indicating a directional relationship."> 28,82°C). Distribusi LST menunjukkan tren peningkatan sepanjang periode pengamatan 2001–2025. Pada tahun 2001, rata-rata suhu tercatat sebesar 24,68°C (kelas rendah), kemudian meningkat menjadi 26,95°C (kelas sedang) pada 2007, 27,10°C (kelas sedang) pada 2013, 27,41°C (kelas sedang) pada 2019, dan mencapai 28,24°C (kelas sedang) pada 2025. Nilai rata-rata LST terendah sepanjang lima tahun pengamatan adalah 24,68°C pada tahun 2001, sementara rata-rata tertinggi adalah 28,24°C pada tahun 2025. Kecamatan Klaten Utara dan Kecamatan Kemalang secara berturut-turut tercatat sebagai wilayah dengan rata-rata LST tertinggi (28,54°C) dan terendah (24,06°C) sepanjang tahun pengamatan. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi linier sederhana, NDVI memiliki pengaruh cukup kuat terhadap LST yakni 94,6% yang menunjukkan arah hubungan yang tidak searah. Sedangkan NDBI memiliki pengaruh 86,2% terhadap LST yang menunjukkan hubungan searah.  Klaten Regency, located strategically between two major cities, Surakarta and Yogyakarta, serves as a hub for the "Joglosemar" (Jogja-Solo-Semarang) economic route. This strategic location has driven land conversion from agricultural or vegetated areas to built-up areas. Furthermore, the construction of toll road infrastructure has significantly converted rice fields, necessitating spatial and temporal analysis to understand the distribution and dynamics of land surface temperature in Klaten Regency. This study aims to map the spatio-temporal distribution of land surface temperature (LST) in Klaten Regency from 2001 to 2025 and analyze the influence of the building index (NDBI) and vegetation index (NDVI) on LST. LST extraction uses Landsat Top of Atmosphere (TOA) imagery during the dry season (April to October) using the Single Channel Algorithm. LST values ??were grouped into four categories: very low (? 23.95°C), low (23.95–24.92°C), moderate (24.92–28.82°C), and high (>28.82°C). The LST distribution showed an increasing trend throughout the observation period 2001–2025. In 2001, the average temperature was recorded at 24.68°C (low class), then increased to 26.95°C (moderate class) in 2007, 27.10°C (moderate class) in 2013, 27.41°C (moderate class) in 2019, and reached 28.24°C (moderate class) in 2025. The lowest average LST value throughout the five years of observation was 24.68°C in 2001, while the highest average was 28.24°C in 2025. North Klaten District and Kemalang District were respectively recorded as the areas with the highest (28.54°C) and lowest (24.06°C) average LST throughout the observation years. Based on the results of a simple linear regression test, NDVI has a fairly strong effect on LST, at 94.6%, indicating a non-directional relationship. Meanwhile, NDBI has an 86.2?fect on LST, indicating a directional relationship.">
Laporkan Masalah

ANALISIS SPASIO-TEMPORAL SUHU PERMUKAAN LAHAN DI KABUPATEN KLATEN, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2001-2025 BERBASIS KOMPUTASI AWAN

Devinta Cahaya Putri, Dr. Sudaryatno, M.Si.

2026 | Tugas Akhir | D4 SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS

Kabupaten Klaten merupakan salah satu di Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang memiliki letak strategis karena berada tepat di antara dua kota besar, yaitu Surakarta dan Yogyakarta, menjadikan wilayah ini berperan sebagai penghubung dalam jalur ekonomi "Joglosemar" (Jogja-Solo-Semarang). Posisi strategis tersebut mendorong alih fungsi lahan dari lahan pertanian atau lahan vegetasi menjadi lahan terbangun. Selain itu pembangunan infrastruktur jalan tol turut mengonversi lahan sawah yang cukup signifikan, sehingga diperlukan analisis spasial dan temporal untuk mengetahui pola distribusi dan dinamika suhu permukaan lahan di Kabupaten Klaten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan distribusi spasio-temporal suhu permukaan lahan (LST) di Kabupaten Klaten tahun 2001–2025, serta menganalisis pengaruh indeks bangunan (NDBI) dan indeks vegetasi (NDVI) terhadap LST.

Ekstraksi LST menggunakan citra Landsat Top of Atmosphere (TOA) pada musim kemarau (bulan April hingga Oktober) menggunakan metode Single Channel Algorithm. Nilai LST dikelompokkan ke dalam empat kategori, yakni sangat rendah (? 23,95°C), rendah (23,95–24,92°C), sedang (24,92–28,82°C), dan tinggi (>28,82°C). Distribusi LST menunjukkan tren peningkatan sepanjang periode pengamatan 2001–2025. Pada tahun 2001, rata-rata suhu tercatat sebesar 24,68°C (kelas rendah), kemudian meningkat menjadi 26,95°C (kelas sedang) pada 2007, 27,10°C (kelas sedang) pada 2013, 27,41°C (kelas sedang) pada 2019, dan mencapai 28,24°C (kelas sedang) pada 2025. Nilai rata-rata LST terendah sepanjang lima tahun pengamatan adalah 24,68°C pada tahun 2001, sementara rata-rata tertinggi adalah 28,24°C pada tahun 2025. Kecamatan Klaten Utara dan Kecamatan Kemalang secara berturut-turut tercatat sebagai wilayah dengan rata-rata LST tertinggi (28,54°C) dan terendah (24,06°C) sepanjang tahun pengamatan. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi linier sederhana, NDVI memiliki pengaruh cukup kuat terhadap LST yakni 94,6% yang menunjukkan arah hubungan yang tidak searah. Sedangkan NDBI memiliki pengaruh 86,2% terhadap LST yang menunjukkan hubungan searah. 

Klaten Regency, located strategically between two major cities, Surakarta and Yogyakarta, serves as a hub for the "Joglosemar" (Jogja-Solo-Semarang) economic route. This strategic location has driven land conversion from agricultural or vegetated areas to built-up areas. Furthermore, the construction of toll road infrastructure has significantly converted rice fields, necessitating spatial and temporal analysis to understand the distribution and dynamics of land surface temperature in Klaten Regency. This study aims to map the spatio-temporal distribution of land surface temperature (LST) in Klaten Regency from 2001 to 2025 and analyze the influence of the building index (NDBI) and vegetation index (NDVI) on LST.

LST extraction uses Landsat Top of Atmosphere (TOA) imagery during the dry season (April to October) using the Single Channel Algorithm. LST values ??were grouped into four categories: very low (? 23.95°C), low (23.95–24.92°C), moderate (24.92–28.82°C), and high (>28.82°C). The LST distribution showed an increasing trend throughout the observation period 2001–2025. In 2001, the average temperature was recorded at 24.68°C (low class), then increased to 26.95°C (moderate class) in 2007, 27.10°C (moderate class) in 2013, 27.41°C (moderate class) in 2019, and reached 28.24°C (moderate class) in 2025. The lowest average LST value throughout the five years of observation was 24.68°C in 2001, while the highest average was 28.24°C in 2025. North Klaten District and Kemalang District were respectively recorded as the areas with the highest (28.54°C) and lowest (24.06°C) average LST throughout the observation years. Based on the results of a simple linear regression test, NDVI has a fairly strong effect on LST, at 94.6%, indicating a non-directional relationship. Meanwhile, NDBI has an 86.2?fect on LST, indicating a directional relationship.

Kata Kunci : Suhu Permukaan Lahan, Analisis Spasio-temporal, Google Earth Engine, NDBI, NDVI

  1. D4-2026-506129-abstract.pdf  
  2. D4-2026-506129-bibliography.pdf  
  3. D4-2026-506129-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. D4-2026-506129-title.pdf