Efek pemberian makanan Air Susu Ibu (ASI) Blended Food terhadap status gizi bayi 6-11 Bulan dari keluarga miskin di Kota Medan

BULAN, Tinur, Prof.dr. Hamam Hadi, MS,Sc.D

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi gizi kurang dan buruk di Negara berkembang terus meningkat khususnya Indonesia yang timbul sebagai akibat krisis moneter banyak terjadi pada bayi dari keluarga miskin. Sehubungan hal itu Depertemen Kesehatan sudah mendistribusikan MP-ASI blended food sejak tahun 2002, akan tetapi untuk melihat efek pemberian blended food terhadap status gizi belum pernah dilaksanakan. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui efek pemberian MP-ASI blended food kepada bayi usia 6-11 bulan dari keluarga miskin di Kota Medan Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Metoda : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experimental dengan rancangan one group pre and pastes design. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk menganalisis asupan energi, protein, status laktasi, dan status gizi bayi. Subjek penelitian adalah sejumlah bayi umur 6-11 bulan di Kota Medan. Jumlah sample 138 bayi. Analisis asupan zat gizi dengan program food prossesor. Analisis status gizi dengan epinut menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil : Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara rata-rata persen daya terima berdasarkan skor-z indeks BB/U. bila dilihat indeks PB/U dan BBIPB menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna P > 0,05. Status gizi yang dinilai berdasarkan skor-z indeks BB/U, PB/U, dan BB/PB hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna P > 0,05 terhadap status laktasi yang mendapat MP-ASI blended food. Pengaruh status laktasi terhadap asupan energi dan protein MP-ASI blended food. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dengan nilai P > 0,05. MP-ASI blended food dan MP-ASI non blended food berhubungan secara bermakna dengan skor-z indeks BB/U nilai P < 0,001. Kesimpulan MP-ASI blended food dapat mengurangi penurunan status gizi berdasarkan skor-z indeks BB/U. Status laktasi tidak mempengaruhi status gizi serta asupan energi dan protein MP-ASI blended food.

Background: The prevalence of malnutrition among infants from poor families in the developing countries, particularly in Indonesia is increasing due to monetary crisis. For this reason, the Ministry of Health has distributed blended complementary breast feeding since 2002 but the effect of its supply to nutritional status has never been evaluated. Objective: The study was meant to know the effect of blended complementary breast feeding supply to poor family infants aging 6 — 11 months at Medan City, Province of Sumatera Utara. Methods: The study was a quasi experimental type which used pre and post test design. It was conducted using a quantitative approach to analyze infants' energy intake and nutritional status. The subject of the study was a number of 6 — 11 months old infants at Medan City. There were 138 samples. The analysis of nutritional content intake was done using food processor program, whereas nutritional status with epinut t-test analysis was done using SPSS program. Result: The result of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between nutritional status based on body weight/age Zscore index and blended complementary breast feeding nutrition. Index of physical growth/age and body weight/age showed no significant difference p>0.05. Nutritional status based on body weight/age of breastfed infants showed a significant relationship, whereas Z-score index of physical growth/age and body weight/physical growth did not show significant relationship p>0.05. There was no significant relationship p>0.05 between the nutritional status of body weight/age, physical growth/age and body weight/physical growth Z-score of non breastfed infants with absorption of blended complementary breasifeeding. The evaluation of lactation status effect to energy and blended complementary breast feeding protein intake showed no significant difference between breastfed and non breastfed infants (p>0.05). Conclusion: Blended complementary breast feeding was a way to improve nutritional status based on body weight/age Z-score index and its efficiency was influenced by the supply of breasifeeding.

Kata Kunci : Gizi Bayi,MPASI,Keluarga Miskin, blended complementary breast feeding, nutritional status, lactation status, poor family, energy and protein intake