Distribusi Lahan sebagai upaya Reintegrasi dan Potensi Munculnya Konflik Baru antar Eks Kombatan GAM di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya

Rachmad Setiawan, Dr. Totok Dwi Diantoro, S.H., M.A., L.L.M.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ketahanan Nasional

Masalah distribusi lahan pascakonflik menjadi sorotan dalam pembangunan perdamaian karena akses agraria diproyeksikan sebagai kunci stabilitas ekonomi eks kombatan. kompleksitas reintegrasi di Aceh ditandai dengan tantangan pemenuhan mandat ekonomi MoU Helsinki dan risiko relapse into conflict akibat ketimpangan distribusi. Di kabupaten Pidie Jaya, imlementasi kebijakan ini memunculkan paradoks antara idealisme reintegrasi dengan realitas eksklusi yang mengancam kohesi sosial sertaa keadilan substantif. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan menganalisis peran distribusi lahan dalam proses reintegrasi dan potensi konflik baru antar eks kombatan GAM di Pidie Jaya melalui teknij purposive dan snowball sampling. Terdapat dua temuan utama dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, distribusi lahan sebagai intrumen reintegrasi ekonomi belum optimal akibat keterbatasan informasi antar eks kombatan terkait lahan yang sudah dibagikan, yang menyebabkan adanya kekecewaan bagi sebagian eks kombatan. Kedua, potensi konflik baru muncul karena mekanisme distribusi yang bersifat perwakilan memicu asimetris informasi, ketidakpastian batas wilayah, dan kecemburuan sosial, sehingga menciptakan fragmentasi internal baik dalam bentuk konflik laten maupun protes administratif terbuka

The issue of post-conflict land distribution has become a key focus in peacebuilding, as access to agricultural land is seen as crucial to the economic stability of former combatants. The complexity of reintegration in Aceh is marked by challenges in fulfilling the economic mandates of the Helsinki MoU and the risk of a relapse into conflict due to inequitable distribution. In Pidie Jaya Regency, the implementation of this policy has created a paradox between the idealism of reintegration and the reality of exclusion, which threatens social cohesion and substantive justice. This qualitative study aims to analyze the role of land distribution in the reintegration process and the potential for new conflicts among former GAM combatants in Pidie Jaya through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. There are two main findings in this study. First, land distribution as an instrument of economic reintegration has not been optimal due to limited information sharing among former combatants regarding the land that has already been distributed, causing disappointment among some former combatants. Second, the potential for new conflicts arises because the representative nature of the distribution mechanism triggers information asymmetry, uncertainty regarding land boundaries, and social jealousy, thereby creating internal fragmentation in the form of both latent conflict and open administrative protests.

Kata Kunci : Distribusi Lahan, Eks Kombatan GAM, Konflik Horizontal, Pidie Jaya, Reintegrasi.