Pemodelan Matematis Umur Simpan dan Perubahan Mutu Fisik Beras Inpari 32 pada Berbagai Suhu dan Kelembaban Relatif

Theresia Cici Marisi Sinaga, Dr. Sri Rahayoe, S.T.P., M.P., IPM., ASEAN Eng., APEC Eng.; Hanim Zuhrotul Amanah, S.T.P., M.P., Ph.D., IPM.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Mekanisasi/Teknik Pertanian

Beras merupakan komoditas pangan higroskopis yang mutu fisik dan umur simpannya sangat dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan kelembapan relatif (RH) selama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model prediksi perubahan mutu fisik dan umur simpan beras varietas Inpari 32 selama penyimpanan dalam kemasan pada berbagai kondisi suhu dan RH.

Penelitian dilakukan selama 90 hari menggunakan rancangan faktorial pada suhu 20, 30, dan 40°C serta RH 50, 70, dan 90%. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air, aktivitas air (aw), densitas, tekstur, whiteness, butir kepala, butir patah, butir menir, dan butir rusak. Perubahan kadar air dimodelkan menggunakan pendekatan kesetimbangan massa, sedangkan perubahan mutu fisik dianalisis menggunakan model kinetika orde satu. Umur simpan diprediksi menggunakan Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) berbasis persamaan Arrhenius.

Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suhu, RH, dan interaksinya berpengaruh signifikan (p<0>

Rice is a hygroscopic food commodity whose physical quality and shelf life are strongly influenced by temperature and relative humidity (RH) during storage. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for changes in physical quality and shelf life of Inpari 32 rice variety during packaged storage under various temperature and RH conditions.

The study was conducted over 90 days using a factorial design at temperatures of 20, 30, and 40°C and RH levels of 50, 70, and 90%. Parameters observed included moisture content, water activity (a_w), density, texture, whiteness, head rice, broken rice, brewers' rice, and damaged rice. Changes in moisture content were modeled using a mass equilibrium approach, while changes in physical quality were analyzed using first-order kinetic models. Shelf life was predicted using Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) based on the Arrhenius equation.

The results demonstrated that temperature, RH, and their interaction had a significant effect (p < 0>

Kata Kunci : beras Inpari 32, umur simpan, mutu fisik, kesetimbangan massa, kinetika deteriorasi./Inpari 32 rice, shelf life, physical quality, mass equilibrium, deterioration kinetics.