PERBANDINGAN PENGARUH JENIS DOT KONVENSIONAL DAN ORTODONTI TERHADAP MODEL PALATUM ANAK (Simulasi Finite Element Analysis)

Nurul Yusfika Rini, drg. Ruslin, M. Kes., PhD ; drg. Anrizandy Narwidina, MDSc., Sp.KGA., PhD

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi Klinik

Latar Belakang: Dot botol susu banyak digunakan oleh anak usia dini dan sering digunakan dalam jangka panjang, sehingga berpotensi memengaruhi pertumbuhan orofasial dan meningkatkan risiko maloklusi. Bentuk dot mengubah pola gaya di dalam rongga mulut, perbedaan desain dapat menimbulkan respons biomekanik yang berbeda pada palatum dan lengkung gigi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Finite Element Analysis (FEA) untuk membandingkan interaksi jenis dot konvensional dan ortodonti terhadap palatum anak. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbandingan pengaruh dot konvensional dan ortodonti terhadap palatum anak melalui simulasi FEA Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif eksperimental in silico dengan FEA pada satu model palatum rahang atas anak laki-laki usia 4 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi tertentu untuk menjaga konsistensi anatomi. Palatum dan kedua jenis dot ditransformasikan bentuk 3D. Lapisan mukosa setebal 1,5 mm ditambahkan pada permukaan palatum. Proses meshing dan penyempurnaan dilakukan hingga hasil konvergen. Sifat material diambil dari beberapa referensi. Simulasi mengisap diberikan tekanan lidah 18,2 kPa. Dot ditempatkan pada horizontal superior palatum keras, kontak dimodelkan dengan friksi (µ = 0,16). Hasil simulasi meliputi distribusi tegangan, regangan dan area kontak, yang dianalisis melalui peta kontur dan nilai numerik. Hasil: Dot konvensional menunjukkan tegangan maksimum yang lebih tinggi (0,34093 MPa) dibandingkan dot ortodonti (0,17429 MPa). Regangan maksimum 0,32801 mm pada dot konvensional dan  0,3671 mm pada dot ortodonti. Dot ortodonti memiliki area kontak yang lebih besar 187,09 mm² dan dot konvensional 131.608 mm² Kesimpulan: Dot ortodonti menunjukkan distribusi tegangan yang lebih rendah dan merata, namun memperlihatkan regangan lebih tinggi dan di dominasi kontak pada area anterior palatum. Interpretasi klinis perlu dilakukan secara hati-hati.

 

 

Kata Kunci: dot konvensional; dot ortodonti; finite element analysis; palatum; biomekanik

 

 

 

Background: Baby bottle nipples are widely used by young children and are often used over the long term, potentially affecting orofacial growth and increasing the risk of malocclusion. The shape of the nipple alters force patterns within the oral cavity, differences in design can elicit distinct biomechanical responses in the palate and dental arches. This study uses Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to compare the interactions of conventional and orthodontic nipple types on the child’s palate. Objective: Analyzing the comparative effects of conventional and orthodontic nipples on children’s palates using FEA simulation. Methods: An experimental quantitative in silico study using FEA on a 3D model of the hard palate of a 4-year-old boy who met specific inclusion criteria to ensure anatomical consistency. The hard palate and both types of bottle nipples were converted into 3D models. A 1.5 mm thick mucosal layer was added to the surface of the hard palate. Meshing and refinement were performed until convergent results were obtained. Material properties were obtained from several references. The suction simulation applied a tongue pressure of 18.2 kPa. The nipples was placed on the superior horizontal plane of the hard palate, and contact was modeled using friction (µ = 0.16). Simulation results included stress distribution, strain, and contact area, which were analyzed using contour plots and numerical values. Results: The conventional nipples exhibited a higher maximum stress (0.34093 MPa) compared to the orthodontic nipples (0.17429 MPa). The maximum strain was 0.32801 mm for the conventional nipples and 0.3671 mm for the orthodontic nipples. The orthodontic nipples has a larger contact area of 187.09 mm², while the conventional nipples has 131.608 mm². Conclusion: The orthodontic nipples exhibits a lower and more uniform stress distribution, but shows higher strain and contact predominantly in the anterior palatal region. Clinical interpretation should be performed with caution

 

 

Keywords: conventional nipple; orthodontic nipple; finite element analysis; palate; biomechanic

 

Kata Kunci : dot konvensional, dot ortodonti, finite element analysis, palatum, biomekanik