EFEKTIVITAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM LARANGAN IMPOR PAKAIAN BEKAS DI INDONESIA

Dyah Retna Prabaningrum, Prof. Adrianto Dwi Nugroho, S.H., Adv.LL.M., LL.D.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum

Impor pakaian bekas telah dilarang sejak 2015 lalu, namun hingga hari ini peredarannya masih ditemukan di pasar lokal maupun marketplace. Kesenjangan antara regulasi dan fakta di masyarakat tersebut menunjukkan kebijakan larangan impor pakaian bekas belum bekerja dengan efektif di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali faktor penyebab ketidakefektifan implementasi regulasi terkait larangan impor pakaian bekas. 

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-empiris yang menggabungkan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual dengan pendekatan sosio-legal. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil permintaan informasi publik kepada Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai terkait faktor-faktor penghambat penegakan hukum larangan impor pakaian bekas di Indonesia. Sementara itu, data sekunder berasal dari studi kepustakaan yang mencakup literatur dan peraturan perundang-undangan dalam kerangka regulasi larangan impor pakaian bekas. 

Penelitian ini menemukan penyebab ketidakefektifan implementasi regulasi larangan impor pakaian bekas dipengaruhi oleh kondisi geografis dan banyaknya pelabuhan tidak resmi, keterbatasan SDM dan sarana-prasarana serta kesenjangan teknologi dan integrasi data, kendala penelusuran tindak pidana asal, disparitas harga antara barang impor dan domestik, tingginya resistensi dan potensi perlawanan terhadap petugas, ketidakpatuhan terhadap kewajiban automatic identification system (AIS), dan ketidaksinkronan regulasi terkait larangan impor pakaian bekas. Kemudian upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh DJBC dan Pemerintah antara lain meningkatkan blue security, pemanfaatan  teknologi deteksi wajah dan blockchain, pengoptimalan satgas yang sudah dibentuk, revisi Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 26/PMK.010/2022, pengaturan regulasi impor komersial dalam hal ini pemberian definisi dalam UU Kepabeanan dan teknis operasional peraturan menteri. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa regulasi impor pakaian bekas masih terdapat ketidakharmonisan antara Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan dan Peraturan Meneteri Keuangan. Selain itu faktor geografis, sosial, dan ekonomi juga menjadi penyebab regulasi ini belum optimal, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya penguatan dari berbagai sektor agar kebijakan ini dapat maksimal dan tujuan untuk melindungi industri dalam negeri dapat tercapai.

The ban on the import of second-hand clothing has been in force since 2015, yet to this day such goods are still found in local markets and online marketplaces. This disparity between regulation and reality in society indicates that the policy banning the import of second-hand clothing has not been working effectively in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to explore the factors causing the ineffective implementation of regulations regarding the ban on the import of second-hand clothing. 

This study employs a normative-empirical research method that combines a legislative approach and a conceptual approach with a socio-legal approach. Primary data was obtained from a public information request to the Directorate General of Customs and Excise regarding the factors hindering the enforcement of the ban on the import of second-hand clothing in Indonesia. Meanwhile, secondary data is derived from a literature review covering relevant literature and legislation within the regulatory framework of the ban on the import of second-hand clothing. 

This study found that the ineffectiveness of regulations banning the import of second-hand clothing is influenced by geographical conditions and the large number of unofficial ports, limitations in human resources and infrastructure, as well as technological gaps and data integration issues, difficulties in tracing the origin of criminal activities, price disparities between imported and domestic goods, high levels of resistance and potential for confrontation with officials, and non-compliance with automatic identification system (AIS) obligations, and inconsistencies in regulations regarding the ban on importing used clothing. Subsequently, measures that can be taken by the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DJBC) and the Government include enhancing blue security, utilising  facial recognition and blockchain technology, optimising the task force that has been established, revising Ministry of Finance Regulation No. 26/PMK.010/2022, and regulating commercial imports, specifically by providing definitions within the Customs Act and the operational technical regulations of the Minister. These findings indicate that there remains a lack of harmonisation between the Minister of Trade’s Regulation and the Minister of Finance’s Regulation regarding the import of second-hand clothing. Furthermore, geographical, social, and economic factors also contribute to the sub-optimal implementation of these regulations; therefore, strengthening efforts across various sectors are required to ensure these policies are fully effective and the objective of protecting the domestic industry is achieved.

Kata Kunci : Efektivitas, Impor, Larangan, Pakaian Bekas, Penegakan Hukum