THE EFFECT OF NANOEMULGEL SPENT MEDIUM STEM CELL FROM HUMAN EXFOLIATED DECIDUOUS TEETH (SHED) ON THE EXPRESSION OF TGF-Beta1 AND bFGF (Study on the wound healing of the buccal mucosa of Wistar rats)

Amal Aref Abdulbari Radman, Prof. Dr. drg. Juni Handajani, M.Kes., Ph.D., PBO.; drg. Intan Ruspita, M.Kes., Sp.Pros (K)., Ph.D.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Kedokteran Gigi

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh Nanoemulgel spent medium dari stem cell gigi sulung manusia yang mengalami eksfoliasi (SHED-SM) terhadap ekspresi transforming growth factor-Beta 1 dan basic fibroblast growth factor dalam proses penyembuhan luka mukosa oral, serta mengevaluasi efeknya terhadap proliferasi sel gingiva primer manusia.

Metode: Ulkus traumatik (Ø3 mm) diinduksi pada mukosa bukal 24 ekor tikus Wistar jantan, kemudian diberi perlakuan Nanoemulgel SHED-SM dan gel Aloclair Plus®. Ekspresi TGF-Beta1 dan bFGF dianalisis menggunakan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia pada hari ke-3, ke-5, dan ke-7. Jumlah fibroblas dihitung menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoxylin dan Eosin. Sel gingiva primer manusia yang diberi perlakuan SHED-SM pada tiga konsentrasi (H1, H3, dan H5) dievaluasi setelah 24 jam menggunakan uji MTT.

Hasil: Kelompok Nanoemulgel SHED-SM mempercepat penutupan luka dan re-epitelisasi pada hari ke-5 dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Ekspresi TGF-Beta1, bFGF, dan kepadatan fibroblas mencapai puncaknya pada hari ke-5 pada kelompok perlakuan. Ekspresi bFGF meningkat secara signifikan (p=0,015), sedangkan ekspresi TGF-Beta1 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,314). Pada uji in vitro, seluruh konsentrasi perlakuan mempertahankan viabilitas sel (81,73%–93,44%).

Kesimpulan: Nanoemulgel SHED-SM meningkatkan proses penyembuhan luka mukosa oral. Meskipun ekspresi TGF-Beta1 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok, ekspresi bFGF meningkat secara signifikan pada fase proliferasi. Selain itu, Nanoemulgel SHED-SM mendukung aktivitas proliferasi sel gingiva primer manusia. Temuan ini menunjukkan potensi Nanoemulgel SHED-SM dalam meningkatkan penyembuhan mukosa oral dan dapat digunakan sebagai pilihan terapi bebas sel (cell-free therapeutic option) di bidang kedokteran gigi regeneratif.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of nanoemulgel spent medium of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-SM) on the expression of transforming growth factor-Beta 1 and basic fibroblast growth factor in the healing of oral mucosal wounds, alongside evaluating its cell proliferation on primary human gingival cells.

Methods: Traumatic ulcers (Ø3 mm) were induced in the buccal mucosa of 24 male Wistar rats, treated with nanoemulgel SHED-SM and Aloclair Plus® gel groups. TGF-Beta1 and bFGF expression were analyzed via immunohistochemistry on days 3, 5, and 7. Fibroblasts were counted using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Primary human gingival cells exposed to SHED-SM treatment (H1, H3, H5) was evaluated after 24 hours using the MTT assay.

Results: The nanoemulgel SHED-SM group accelerated wound closure and re-epithelialization by day 5 compared to controls. TGF-Beta1, bFGF, and fibroblast density peaked at day 5 in the treatment group. bFGF was significantly upregulated (p=0.015), whereas TGF-Beta1 was not (p=0.314). In vitro, all the treatment concentrations maintained cell viability (81.73%–93.44%).

Conclusion: Nanoemulgel SHED-SM enhanced oral mucosal wound healing. Although TGF-Beta1 expression showed no significant difference between groups, bFGF was significantly upregulated in the proliferative phase. Furthermore, nanoemulgel SHED-SM supported the proliferative activity of primary human gingival cells. These findings suggest the ability of nanoemulgel SHED-SM to enhance oral mucosal healing and could be used as a cell-free therapeutic option in regenerative dentistry

Kata Kunci : basic fibroblast growth factor, fibroblast; nanoemulgel, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, transforming growth factor-beta 1, wound healing