Media construction of ethnic conflict in West Borneo :: A Case study of the conflict between the Dayak and the Madurese in 1997
ZAENUDDIN, Dr. Irwan Abdullah
2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Perbandingan AgamaTesis ini menjelaskan tentang fenomena konflik etnis di Kalimantan Barat. Konflik etnis di Kalimantan Barat telah terjadi berulang kali diantara beberapa kelompok etnis yang ada. Diantara konflik etnis tersebut, yang paling besar dan menelan banyak korban adalah konflik yang terjadi pada tahunn 1997 antara orang Kayak dan orang Madura. Tesis ini berusaha mencoba untuk menganaliza dan menjelaskan bagaimana peran media dalam konflik tersebut. Pada bagian tiga dari tesis ini membicarakan tentang beberapa teori tentang konflik. Konflik antara Kayak dan Madura yang terjadi pada tahun 1997 tersebut dimulai dari pertengkaran antar pemuda Kayak dan Madura di Sanggau Ledo, Kabupaten Sambas. Konflik kemudian menjadi besar setelah masing-masing membawa nama suku dan bantuan dari masing- masing anggota suku tersebut datang. Konflik kemudian meluas tidak hanya di kabupaten Sambas, tetapi ke daerah lain di Kalimantan Barat seperti Singkawang, Pontianak, Sanggau, Sintang, Bengkayang dan Kota Pontianak. Dan ini pula yang menyebabkan tingginya kerugian, baik materi maupun jiwa. Pengungsian besar-besaran juga terjadi dalam konflik ini. Bagaimana Media memberitakan tentang konflik ini dijelaskan di bagian empat tesis ini. Akcaya Pontianak Post dan Kompas adalah dua koran yang dipilih untuk dianalisan sebagai sumber utama. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, mengumpulkan dan menganaliza data dengan sumber-sumber lain, tesis ini menemukan fenomena penting dan pendapat berbagai kalanganmengenai dalam berita tentang konflik antara Dayak dan Madura tersebut. Tesis ini juga menganalisa kepentingan media masa dalam meliput berita tentang konflik tersebut. Empat faktor yang mempengaruhi konflik juga teridentifikasi. Menggunakan analisis isi sebagai pisau analisis dan teori wacana sebagai teory analisa, tesis ini berusaha mengungkapkan fenomena yang terjadi pada konflik antara Dayak dan Madura tahun 1997 di Kalimantan Barat.
This thesis describes the phenomena of the ethnic conflicts in West Borneo. There were some conflicts that broke out in West Borneo among ethnic groups such as the Dayak, the Chinese, the Malay and the Madurese. Among the conflicts between the Dayak and the Madurese in West Borneo, the conflict that broke out in 1997 was the biggest. It not only affected material loss but also human loss by a large number. This thesis attempts to describe and analyze the media’s role in presenting the conflict. Chapter three discusses different theories about the conflict and describes it objectively. The conflict between the Dayak and the Madurese in West Borneo in 1997 was started by a fight between a group of the Dayak and the Madurese in Sanggau Ledo, part of the district of Sambas. The fight became large scale when each of the groups gathered with their ethnic members to support them. This conflict was not only among the Dayak and the Madurese in this area, but also involved most of the Dayak and the Madurese who lived in other district areas of West Borneo such as Singkawang, Pontianak, Sanggau, Sintang, Bemgkayang and Pontianak City. That’s why this conflict affected not only human but also material loss by a large number because it involved a huge number of people in many areas. So, in this conflict many people from both the two ethnic groups were killed, as well as causing many Madurese to become refugees because they were expelled from their villages. This serious problem was not only faced by the people but also by the local government of West Borneo. How the media presented the news about the conflict is described in chapter four. Here is also presented what role the media played in the conflict. This work takes the Akcaya Pontianak Post and Kompas as the primary sources. Conducting steps of qualitative research: collecting data and analyzing it through a literature study, this work finds the important phenomena of the issues of the conflict and the perception of the people as they were presented by the two newspapers. This work also discovers the interests of the media in presenting the news of the conflict. The issues which emerged by the media were the situation and resolution efforts of the conflict. Four factors which affected the conflict are also noted here. Using content analysis as the knife of analysis and discourse theory as the approach of this study, this work seriously attempts to describe and explain the phenomena of the conflict between the Dayak and the Madurese in West Borneo in 1997 as they were presented by the media.
Kata Kunci : Konflik Etnis,Dayak dan Madura,Peran Media, Ethnic Groups, Conflict and the Media.
