Validitas Isi dan Reliabilitas Antar-Rater Instrumen Interaksi Ibu-Anak Versi Modifikasi Pada Balita Sakit Di Rumah Sakit

Novi Rohmawati, Dr. Fitri Haryanti, S.Kp., M.Kes; Sri Hartini, S.Kp., Ns., M.Kes., Ph.D

2026 | Tesis | S2 Magister Keperawatan

Latar belakang: Interaksi positif antara ibu dan anak merupakan faktor krusial yang mendukung kesejahteraan fisik dan emosional anak, serta memfasilitasi efektivitas rencana perawatan. Rawat inap sering kali menuntut anak beradaptasi dengan lingkungan perawatan, tenaga kesehatan dan perpisahan dari keluarga padahal anak sudah merasakan fisik yang sakit dan gangguan psikologis. Meskipun Interaction Rating Scale (IRS) telah dikembangkan pada populasi di komunitas namun implementasi pengasuhan anak di lingkungan rumah sakit belum diketahui, ketersediaan instrumen yang mampu mengukur interaksi tersebut secara spesifik dalam konteks klinis masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji validitas isi dan reliabilitas antar-rater instrumen interaksi ibu-anak pada balita sakit yang mengalami rawat inap.

Metode: Studi observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional ini melibatkan 40 pasangan ibu dan balita (6-59 bulan) yang direkrut melalui consecutive sampling. Observasi dilakukan secara langsung selama 5-15 menit menggunakan instrumen interaction rating scale dalam konteks hospitalisasi. Penilaian dilakukan oleh rater terlatih guna menjamin objektivitas pengukuran interaksi di ruang rawat inap.

Hasil: Validitas isi dianalisis menggunakan Indeks V Aiken dengan nilai antara 0.800 – 1.000 dan uji Content Validity Index (CVI) menunjukkan nilai 1.00 . Pengujian reliabilitas antar-rater menghasilkan rerata Percent Agreement (PA) sebesar 0,998 dan skor Kappa Index sebesar 0,974. 

Kesimpulan: Proses modifikasi instrumen ibu dan anak dalam lingkup rawat inap menghasilkan draf awal yang terdiri atas 54 item pernyataan. Meskipun, generalisasi hasil tetap perlu mempertimbangkan keterbatasan studi yang ada.

Background: Positive interactions between mothers and children are a crucial factor in supporting children’s physical and emotional well-being, as well as facilitating the effectiveness of care plans. Hospitalization often requires children to adapt to the healthcare environment, healthcare staff, and separation from their families, even though they are already experiencing physical pain and psychological distress. Although the Interaction Rating Scale (IRS) has been developed for community populations, its application to child care in a hospital setting remains unknown, and the availability of instruments capable of specifically measuring such interactions in a clinical context remains very limited. This study aims to test the content validity and interrater reliability of a mother-child interaction instrument among hospitalized sick toddlers.

Methods: This observational study with a cross-sectional design involved 40 mother-infant pairs (infants aged 6–59 months) recruited through consecutive sampling. Observations were conducted in real time for 5–15 minutes using an interaction rating scale in a hospital setting. Assessments were performed by trained raters to ensure the objectivity of interaction measurements in the inpatient ward.

Result: Content validity was analyzed using Aiken’s V Index, which yielded values ranging from 0.800 to 1.000, and the Content Validity Index (CVI) test yielded a value of 1.00. Interrater reliability testing yielded an average Percent Agreement (PA) of 0.998 and a Kappa Index score of 0.974.

Conclusion: The modification process of the mother-child interaction instrument in an inpatient setting resulted in a final instrument consisting of 54 statements; however, when generalizing the results, the limitations of the existing study must still be taken into account.

Kata Kunci : Uji Validitas Isi, Reliabilitas Antar-rater, Interaksi Ibu-Anak, Rawat Inap, Instrumen Interaksi Ibu-Anak.