Pengaruh Pemberian Hormon Analog GnRH-III terhadap Performa Pemijahan Ikan Baung (Hemibagrus nemurus Valenciennes, 1840)

Bimo Sujiwo Kusumo, Hemibagrus nemurus, GnRH, hormones, spawning

2026 | Skripsi | BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Ikan baung (Hemibagrus nemurus) merupakan salah satu komoditas ikan konsumsi air tawar asli perairan Indonesia. Ikan baung memiliki potensi dari sisi ekologi dan ekonomi, sehingga perlu adanya upaya produksi ikan baung untuk memenuhi konsumsi masyarakat. Namun, dalam proses budidayanya ikan baung memiliki kendala, khususnya dalam penyediaan benih. Ikan baung yang dibudidayakan tidak dapat memijah secara alami dan memerlukan induksi hormon untuk merangsang pemijahan. Hal tersebut membuat adanya ketergantungan pembudidaya ikan baung terhadap hormon impor. Penggunaan analog hormon berbasis GnRH-III berpotensi menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan dan kemandirian budidaya perikanan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hormon analog GnRH-III terbaik dalam menstimulasi pemijahan ikan baung dan pengaruh pemberian berbagai hormon analog GnRH-III terhadap performa pemijahan ikan baung. Parameter yang diamati meliputi keberhasilan pemijahan, derajat pembuahan telur, derajat penetasan telur, dan sintasan benih ikan baung. Penelitian dilakukan dengan induksi perlakuan hormon analog GnRH-III [D-Lys?] dengan dosis 10 ?g/kg (P1), GnRH-III [D-Lys?], NHEt dengan dosis 10 ?g/kg (P2), dan sGnRHa dengan dosis 10 ?g/kg + domperidone 5mg (Ovaprim™) (P3) sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil menunjukkan perlakuan P1 memiliki keberhasilan pemijahan tertinggi sebesar 87,5% disusul P3 sebesar 37,5%. Sementara itu, perlakuan P2 tidak dapat menstimulasi pemijahan ikan baung. Derajat pembuahan dari perlakuan P1 memiliki hasil rata-rata sebesar 87,30 ± 5,02?n P3 sebesar 94,17 ± 5,37%, nilai tersebut tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (P>0,05). Derajat penetasan telur terbaik ditunjukan oleh perlakuan P3 dengan persentase rata-rata 96,10 ± 2,15%. Nilai tersebut berbeda nyata (P<0>0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hormon analog GnRH-III [D-Lys?] berpotensi digunakan sebagai alternatif hormon induksi pemijahan ikan baung.

Asian Redtail Catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) is one of Indonesia's native freshwater food fish commodities. This species has ecological and economic potential, thereby encouraging efforts to increase its production to meet public consumption demands. However, the culture of this species still faces several constraints, particularly in larval production. Cultured Asian redtail catfish are unable to spawn naturally and therefore require hormonal induction to stimulate spawning. This condition has resulted in farmers dependence on imported hormones. The use of GnRH-III-based hormone analogues has the potential to become an alternative solution to improve the success and independence of aquaculture practices in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the best GnRH-III analogue hormone for stimulating spawning in Asian redtail catfish and to evaluate the effects of different GnRH-III analogue hormones on the spawning performance of Asian redtail catfish. The observed parameters included spawning success, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and larval survival rate. The study was conducted using hormonal induction treatments consisting of GnRH-III analogue [D-Lys?] at a dose of 10 ?g/kg (P1), GnRH-III [D-Lys?], NHEt at a dose of 10 ?g/kg (P2), and sGnRHa at a dose of 10 ?g/kg combined with domperidone 5 mg (Ovaprim™) (P3) as a positive control. The results showed that treatment P1 produced the highest spawning success rate at 87.5%, followed by P3 at 37.5%, whereas treatment P2 failed to stimulate spawning in Asian redtail catfish. The fertilization rates in P1 and P3 were 87.30 ± 5.02% and 94.17 ± 5.37%, respectively, with no significant difference observed (P > 0.05). The highest hatching rate was obtained in treatment P3, with an average percentage of 96.10 ± 2.15%, which was significantly different (P < 0> 0.05). Based on the results of this study, the GnRH-III analogue hormone [D-Lys?] has the potential to be used as an alternative hormone for inducing spawning in Asian redtail catfish.

Kata Kunci : Hemibagrus nemurus, GnRH, hormon, pemijahan