Collaborative Governance dalam Penanganan Perkawinan Anak (Merarik Kodek) di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

DESNIANTI DEWI KARTIKA, Dr. Pradhikna Yunik Nurhayati, S.I.P., M.P.A.

2026 | Tesis | S2 Administrasi Publik

Penelitian ini membahas collaborative governance dalam penanganan perkawinan anak (merarik kodek) di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari masih tingginya angka perkawinan anak di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, yang tidak hanya berkaitan dengan persoalan hukum dan administrasi, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, budaya, pendidikan, kesehatan reproduksi, kemiskinan, serta praktik lokal merarik kodek. Kompleksitas persoalan tersebut menuntut keterlibatan berbagai pemangku kepentingan karena tidak dapat diselesaikan oleh satu institusi secara mandiri.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pendorong (drivers)terbentuknya kolaborasi serta menganalisis dinamika kolaboratif antar stakeholder dalam penanganan perkawinan anak di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi langsung, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan kerangka Collaborative Governance Regime dari Emerson dan Nabatchi (2015) yang mencakup aspek drivers dan collaborative dynamics.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kolaborasi penanganan perkawinan anak di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah telah terbentuk secara empiris melalui keterlibatan pemerintah daerah, lembaga yudisial, organisasi non-pemerintah, komunitas, masyarakat sipil, dan dunia usaha. Kolaborasi tersebut didorong oleh kepemimpinan, saling ketergantungan antar aktor, serta ketidakpastian data dan kapasitas layanan formal. Dalam dinamika kolaborasi, principled engagement telah berjalan melalui forum dan proses perencanaan bersama, sedangkan shared motivation menjadi unsur paling krusial karena membangun kepercayaan, pemahaman bersama, legitimasi internal, dan komitmen antar pihak. Namun, capacity for joint action masih belum

sepenuhnya terkonsolidasi karena belum adanya regulasi khusus, mekanisme koordinasi yang tegas, integrasi data yang optimal, serta keberlanjutan komitmen formal. Dengan demikian, kolaborasi penanganan perkawinan anak di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dapat dipahami sebagai rezim kolaboratif yang telah berjalan secara fungsional, tetapi masih berada dalam tahap penguatan kelembagaan agar lebih stabil, terarah, dan berkelanjutan.

This study examines collaborative governance in addressing child marriage (merarik kodek) in Central Lombok Regency. The background of this research is rooted in the persistently high number of child marriage cases in Central Lombok, which is not only related to legal and administrative issues but is also influenced by social, cultural, educational, reproductive health, poverty-related, and local merarik kodek practices. The complexity of this issue requires the involvement of multiple stakeholders, as it cannot be effectively addressed by a single institution.

This study aims to identify the drivers that shape collaboration and to analyze the collaborative dynamics among stakeholders in addressing child marriage in Central Lombok Regency. This research employs a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, direct observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using Emerson and Nabatchi’s Collaborative Governance Regime framework, which focuses on drivers and collaborative dynamics.

The findings show that collaboration in addressing child marriage in Central Lombok has empirically emerged through the involvement of local government, judicial institutions, non-governmental organizations, communities, civil society actors, and the business sector. This collaboration is driven by leadership, interdependence among actors, and uncertainty regarding the actual scale of cases and the capacity of formal services. In terms of collaborative dynamics, principled engagement has developed through forums and joint planning processes, while shared motivation appears as the most crucial element because it fosters trust, mutual understanding, internal legitimacy, and commitment among stakeholders. However, the capacity for joint action has not been fully consolidated due to the absence of specific regulations, unclear coordination mechanisms, limited data integration, and the unstable sustainability of formal commitments. Therefore, collaborative governance in addressing child marriage in Central Lombok can be understood as a collaborative regime that functions in practice, but remains in a stage of institutional strengthening to become more stable, directed, and sustainable.

Kata Kunci : Collaborative governance, perkawinan anak, merarik kodek, Collaborative Governance Regime, Lombok Tengah