Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun Vitex Trifolia secara lokal terhadap penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi marmot (Cavia cobaya)

WIDYAWATI, Prof.Dr.drg. Al. Supartinah S., SU.,Sp.KGA

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi

Penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi selalu didahului oleh proses inflamasi, kemudian proses proliferasi fibroblas untuk membentuk serabut kolagen dan sel osteoblas sampai tercapai penyembuhan yang sempurna. Legundi (V. trifolia) merupakan tanaman perdu yang memiliki potensi sebagai antiinflamasi, antispasmolitik, dan analgesik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak V. trifolia secara lokal terhadap proses penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi marmot (Cavia cobaya) secara histologis. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian yaitu, 60 ekor marmot (Cavia cobaya) jantan ras lokal, umur antara 8-12 minggu. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok besar yaitu, kelompok kontrol sebanyak 15 ekor, pasca pencabutan gigi insisivus kanan bawah tidak diberi aplikasi ekstrak daun V. trifolia dan kelompok perlakuan sebanyak 45 ekor dengan aplikasi lokal ekstrak daun V. trifolia pada soket pasca pencabutan gigi, kemudian soket dijahit. Kelompok perlakuan dibagi lagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu, kelompok konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, dan 7,5%, masing-masing terdiri dari 15 ekor marmot. Pengamatan histologis dilakukan pada tiap kelompok pada hari ke-3, ke-7, dan ke-15 pasca pencabutan gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada kecenderungan peningkatan kepadatan serabut kolagen dan jumlah osteoblas berdasarkan konsentrasi dan periode dekapitasi hari ke-3, ke-7, dan ke-15 pasca pencabutan gigi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, ekstrak daun V. trifolia mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka pencabutan gigi pada marmot yang ditandai dengan serabut kolagen lebih padat dan jumlah osteoblas lebih banyak berdasarkan periode dekapitasi (p<0,05).

The wound healing after a tooth extraction, was always preceded by an inflammation, followed by fibroblast proliferation process to form collagen fiber and osteoblast until it gained a perfect healing. Legundi (V. trifolia) has the ability as an antiinflammation, antispasmolitic, and analgesic agent. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of V. trifolia locally to the wound healing process after a guinea-pig (Cavia cobaya) tooth extraction histologically. The amount of samples used in this study were 60 male local guinea-pigs, aged between 8-12 weeks. Were not given V. trivolia extract, the samples were divided into 2 groups, which were 15 as the control group, which were after the guinea-pig,s lower left incisive extraction and 45 as the treated ones, with locally applications of V. trifolia extract to the tooth extraction sockets. The treated group was divided into another 3 groups of 15 guinea-pigs, which were given 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% V. trifolia extract concentrations. The histological study were done on each group on the 3rd, 7th, and 15th day after tooth extraction. The result of this study showed that there were increasing density of collagen fibers and the amount of osteoblast according to the concentration and period of decapitation on the 3rd, 7th, and 15th after tooth extraction. The conclusions of this study was that V. trifolia extract could accelerate the wound healing process after the guinea-pig,s tooth extraction which were marked with a density of collagen fibers and more amount of osteoblast according to the period of decapitation (p<0.05).

Kata Kunci : Gigi,Luka Pasca Pencabutan,Ekstrak Daun Vitex Trifolia