Evaluasi Budaya Medicatoin Safety di Instalasi Farmasi RSU Budi Rahayu Pekalongan

FATIMA BAREK RURON, Prof. Dr. Dra. Erna Kristin, M.Si.,Apt

2026 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEBIJAKAN DAN MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang: Keselamatan pengobatan (medication safety) merupakan komponen penting dalam keselamatan pasien karena kesalahan pengelolaan obat dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas, serta menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi. Instalasi Farmasi memiliki peran strategis dalam menjamin keamanan penggunaan obat melalui pelayanan kefarmasian yang aman dan terstandar. Di RSU Budi Rahayu, data internal menunjukkan peningkatan insiden terkait obat dari 5 kasus pada tahun 2023 menjadi 34 kasus pada 2025. Sebagian besar insiden tersebut diselesaikan secara informal tanpa analisis akar masalah yang sistematis, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi terhadap budaya medication safety.
Tujuan: Mengevaluasi budaya medication safety serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi implementasinya di Instalasi Farmasi RSU Budi Rahayu. 
Metode: Menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods dengan desain explanatory sequential. Tahap kuantitatif dengan survei cross-sectional menggunakan instrumen Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture (PSOPSC) terhadap 31 tenaga kefarmasian. Tahap kualitatif melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji korelasi Spearman, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis secara tematik.
Hasil: Menunjukkan skor komposit budaya medication safety sebesar 75,5% yang menunjukkan kategori moderat. Dimensi tertinggi: pelatihan dan keterampilan staf (88,7%), kerja sama tim (86,0%), dan komunikasi tentang resep (86,0%), sedangkan dimensi terendah: situasi dan lingkungan kerja (32%). Analisis korelasi: kepemimpinan, SDM farmasi, dan sarana prasarana berhubungan signifikan dengan budaya medication safety (p<0>Kesimpulan: Budaya medication safety di Instalasi Farmasi RSU Budi Rahayu berada pada tingkat cukup baik dan memerlukan penguatan melalui peningkatan kapasitas SDM, perbaikan lingkungan kerja, serta optimalisasi sistem pelaporan dan pembelajaran insiden.
Kata Kunci: Budaya Keselamatan Pengobatan, Instalasi Farmasi, Keselamatan Pasien, PSOPSC, RSU Budi Rahayu Pekalongan.

Background: Medication safety is a crucial component of patient safety because medication errors can increase morbidity and mortality and lead to significant economic losses. The Pharmacy Department plays a strategic role in ensuring safe medication use through standardized and safe pharmaceutical services. At Budi Rahayu General Hospital, internal data indicate an increase in medication-related incidents from 5 cases in 2023 to 34 cases in 2025. Most of these incidents were resolved informally without systematic root cause analysis, highlighting the need to evaluate the medication safety culture.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate medication safety culture and identify factors influencing its implementation in the Pharmacy Department of Budi Rahayu General Hospital. 
Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design. The quantitative phase used a cross-sectional survey with the Pharmacy Survey on Patient Safety Culture (PSOPSC) instrument involving 31 pharmacy staff members. The qualitative phase was conducted through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation tests, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Result: The findings showed that the composite score of medication safety culture was 75.5%, indicating a moderate level. The highest-scoring dimensions were staff training and skills (88.7%), teamwork (86.0%), and communication about prescriptions (86.0%), while the lowest score was found in the work situation and environment dimension (32%). Correlation analysis revealed that leadership, pharmacy human resources, and infrastructure were significantly associated with medication safety culture (p<0>Conclusion: Medication safety culture in the Pharmacy Department of Budi Rahayu Hospital is at a moderately good level but requires further strengthening through improved human resource capacity, better work environment conditions, and optimization of incident reporting and learning systems.

Keywords: Budi Rahayu Hospital, Medication safety culture, Patient safety, Pharmacy department, PSOPSC

Kata Kunci : Budaya Keselamatan Pengobatan, Instalasi Farmasi, Keselamatan Pasien, PSOPSC, RSU Budi Rahayu Pekalongan.